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The devil's details: pathological correlates of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy magnetic resonance imaging
David B. Clifford
doi : 10.1111/ene.15188
Pages: 373-374 First Published: 19 November 2021
Epileptic seizure onset predicts its duration
Yueyang Liu, Zhinoos Razavi Hesabi, Mark Cook, Levin Kuhlmann
doi : 10.1111/ene.15166
Pages: 375-381 First Published: 01 November 2021
Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent seizures that have a variety of manifestations. The severity of, and risks for patients associated with, seizures are largely linked to the duration of seizures. Methods that determine seizure duration based on seizure onsets could be used to help mitigate the risks associated with what might be extended seizures by guiding timely interventions.
Web-based decision support system for patient-tailored selection of antiseizure medication in adolescents and adults: An external validation study
Levente Hadady, Péter Klivényi, Emilio Perucca, Stefan Rampp, Dániel Fabó, Csaba Bereczki, Guido Rubboli, Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Michael R. Sperling, Sándor Beniczky
doi : 10.1111/ene.15168
Pages: 382-389 First Published: 05 November 2021
Antiseizure medications (ASMs) should be tailored to individual characteristics, including seizure type, age, sex, comorbidities, comedications, drug allergies, and childbearing potential. We previously developed a web-based algorithm for patient-tailored ASM selection to assist health care professionals in prescribing medication using a decision support application (https://epipick.org). In this validation study, we used an independent dataset to assess whether ASMs recommended by the algorithm are associated with better outcomes than ASMs considered less desirable by the algorithm.
Risk factors for 2-year mortality in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness: An international multicentre study
Anna Estraneo, Alfonso Magliacano, Salvatore Fiorenza, Rita Formisano, Antonello Grippo, Efthymios Angelakis, Helena Cassol, Aurore Thibaut, Olivia Gosseries, Gianfranco Lamberti, Enrique Noé, Sergio Bagnato, Brian L. Edlow, Camille Chatelle, Nicolas Lejeune, Vigneswaran Veeramuthu, Michelangelo Bartolo, Donatella Mattia, Jlenia Toppi, Nathan Zasler, Caroline Schnakers, Luigi Trojano
doi : 10.1111/ene.15143
Pages: 390-399 First Published: 17 October 2021
Patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDoC) have a high mortality rate due to medical complications. Because an accurate prognosis is essential for decision-making on patients' management, we analysed data from an international multicentre prospective cohort study to evaluate 2-year mortality rate and bedside predictors of mortality.
Hepatitis C eradication improves cognitive function in patients with or without cirrhosis: A prospective real-life study
Luis Ibáñez-Samaniego, Marta Rapado-Castro, Lucia Cabrero, Cristina Navarrete, Seila GarcÃa-Mulas, Adriana Ahumada, Laura Marquez, Maria Dolores Pérez, Diego Rincon, Rafael Bañares, Rita Garcia-Martinez
doi : 10.1111/ene.15138
Pages: 400-412 First Published: 11 October 2021
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with neuropsychiatric disturbances that impact on functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Reversibility at different liver disease stages is unknown, particularly in cirrhosis. We aimed to evaluate cognition, functioning, and HRQoL following HCV eradication at different liver disease stages.
Independent effects of amyloid and vascular markers on long-term functional outcomes: An 8-year longitudinal study of subcortical vascular cognitive impairment
Sung Hoon Kang, Sook-young Woo, Seonwoo Kim, Jun Pyo Kim, Hyemin Jang, Seong-Beom Koh, Duk L. Na, Hee Jin Kim, Sang Won Seo
doi : 10.1111/ene.15159
Pages: 413-421 First Published: 30 October 2021
Subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) is characterized by the presence of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) markers. Some SVCI patients also show Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy markers. However, the effects of these imaging markers on long-term clinical outcomes have not yet been established. The present study, therefore, aimed to determine how these imaging markers influence functional disability and/or mortality.
A gene–environment interplay between omega-3 supplementation and APOE ε4 provides insights for Alzheimer’s disease precise prevention amongst high-genetic-risk population
Lin Li, Wei Xu, Chen-Chen Tan, Xi-Peng Cao, Bao-Zhen Wei, Cheng-Wen Dong, Lan Tan, for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
doi : 10.1111/ene.15160
Pages: 422-431 First Published: 28 October 2021
The present study aimed to explore whether and how omega-3 (ω-3) supplementation could interact with genetic factors to modulate cognitive functions, amyloid pathologies, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk.
Fiber-specific white matter analysis reflects upper motor neuron impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Aya Ogura, Kazuya Kawabata, Hirohisa Watanabe, Shao Wei Choy, Epifanio Bagarinao, Toshiyasu Kato, Kazunori Imai, Michihito Masuda, Reiko Ohdake, Kazuhiro Hara, Ryoichi Nakamura, Naoki Atsuta, Tomohiko Nakamura, Masahisa Katsuno, Gen Sobue
doi : 10.1111/ene.15136
Pages: 432-440 First Published: 10 October 2021
To clarify the relationship between fiber-specific white matter changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and clinical signs of upper motor neuron (UMN) involvement, we performed a fixel-based analysis (FBA), a novel framework for diffusion-weighted imaging analysis.
Effects of exergaming on hippocampal volume and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in Parkinson’s disease
Eva Schaeffer, Benjamin Roeben, Oliver Granert, Annika Hanert, Inga Liepelt-Scarfone, Edyta Leks, Sascha Otterbein, Pavel Saraykin, Jan-Hinrich Busch, Matthis Synofzik, Elke Stransky, Thorsten Bartsch, Daniela Berg
doi : 10.1111/ene.15165
Pages: 441-449 First Published: 01 November 2021
Cognitive impairment is among the most burdensome non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) and has been associated with hippocampal atrophy. Exercise has been reported to enhance neuroplasticity in the hippocampus in correlation with an improvement of cognitive function. We present data from the Training-PD study, which was designed to evaluate effects of an “� training protocol on neuronal plasticity in PD.
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease tremor-dominant subtype: A mimicker of essential tremor
Dehao Yang, Zhidong Cen, Lebo Wang, Xinhui Chen, Peng Liu, Haotian Wang, Zhiyuan Ouyang, You Chen, Fan Zhang, Fei Xie, Bo Wang, Sheng Wu, Houmin Yin, Biao Jiang, Zhiping Wang, Junfeng Ji, Wei Luo
doi : 10.1111/ene.15169
Pages: 450-458 First Published: 09 November 2021
The GGC repeat expansion in the NOTCH2NLC gene has been identified as the genetic cause of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID). Recently, this repeat expansion was also reported to be associated with essential tremor (ET). However, some patients with this repeat expansion, initially diagnosed with ET, were eventually diagnosed with NIID. Therefore, controversy remains regarding the clinical diagnosis of these expansion-positive patients presenting with tremor-dominant symptoms. This study aimed to clarify the clinical phenotype in tremor-dominant patients who have the GGC repeat expansion in the NOTCH2NLC gene.
Circulating choline pathway nutrients and depression after ischemic stroke
Mengyuan Miao, Jigang Du, Bizhong Che, Yufei Guo, Jintao Zhang, Zhong Ju, Tan Xu, Xiaoyan Zhong, Yonghong Zhang, Chongke Zhong
doi : 10.1111/ene.15133
Pages: 459-468 First Published: 06 October 2021
Choline pathway nutrients, including choline and betaine, are reported to exert antidepressant effects. However, there is little population-based evidence on the relationships between circulating choline and betaine and poststroke depression (PSD). We aimed to prospectively explore the associations between plasma choline and betaine and depression after ischemic stroke.
Antidepressant use and stroke or mortality risk in the elderly
Begüm Irmak Ön, Xavier Vidal, Ursula Berger, Mònica Sabaté, Elena BallarÃn, Olga Maisterra, Antonio San-Jose, Luisa Ibáñez
doi : 10.1111/ene.15137
Pages: 469-477 First Published: 10 October 2021
Current evidence on antidepressant-related stroke or mortality risk is inconsistent. Because the elderly have the highest exposure to antidepressants, the aim was to quantify their association with stroke and mortality risks in this vulnerable population.
Subtypes of delirium after ischaemic stroke—predisposing factors and outcomes: a prospective observational study (PROPOLIS)
Mateusz Czyzycki, Elzbieta Klimiec-Moskal, Adrian A. Chrobak, Joanna Pera, Agnieszka Slowik, Tomasz Dziedzic
doi : 10.1111/ene.15144
Pages: 478-485 First Published: 15 October 2021
Delirium is a serious complication after stroke. It remains unclear whether different motor subtypes of delirium are associated with diverse risk factors and outcomes. The aim was to investigate if delirium subtypes differ in predisposing factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes.
circSKA3 acts as a sponge of miR-6796-5p to be associated with outcomes of ischemic stroke by regulating matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression
Tian Xu, Yuqing Li, Ning Zhu, Yuanyuan Su, Junrui Li, Kaifu Ke
doi : 10.1111/ene.15164
Pages: 486-495 First Published: 01 November 2021
This study was undertaken to screen the circular RNAs (circRNAs) influencing matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) through the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and evaluate the prognostic value of these circRNAs for acute ischemic stroke.
Ocrelizumab treatment in multiple sclerosis: A Danish population-based cohort study
Luigi Pontieri, Morten Blinkenberg, Stephan Bramow, Viktoria Papp, Peter V. Rasmussen, Matthias Kant, Jakob Schäfer, Henrik K. Mathiesen, Michael B. Jensen, Georgi Sirakov, Jonas M. Berg, Tine I. Kopp, Hanna Joensen, Finn Sellebjerg, Melinda Magyari
doi : 10.1111/ene.15142
Pages: 496-504 First Published: 13 October 2021
Real-world evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is limited. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab treatment for MS in a real-world setting.
Relapsing–remitting and secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis patients differ in decoding others' emotions by their eyes
Ornella Argento, Barbara Spanò, Laura Serra, Chiara Concetta Incerti, Marco Bozzali, Carlo Caltagirone, Ada Francia, Mariangela Fratino, Ugo Nocentini, Chiara Piacentini, Maria Esmeralda Quartuccio, Valerio Pisani
doi : 10.1111/ene.15155
Pages: 505-514 First Published: 22 October 2021
Difficulties in emotion processing and social cognition identified in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have a potential impact on their adaptation to the social environment. We aimed to explore the neural correlates of emotion recognition in MS and possible differences between relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS) patients by the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test (RMEt).
Cerebellar pathology and disability worsening in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A retrospective analysis from the CombiRx trial
Maria Petracca, Gary Cutter, Sirio Cocozza, Leorah Freeman, John Kangarlu, Monica Margoni, Matteo Moro, Stephen Krieger, Mohamed Mounir El Mendili, Amgad Droby, Jerry S. Wolinsky, Fred Lublin, Matilde Inglese
doi : 10.1111/ene.15157
Pages: 515-521 First Published: 25 October 2021
Cerebellar damage is a valuable predictor of disability, particularly in progressive multiple sclerosis. It is not clear if it could be an equally useful predictor of motor disability worsening in the relapsing-remitting phenotype.
Smartphone-derived keystroke dynamics are sensitive to relevant changes in multiple sclerosis
Ka-Hoo Lam, James Twose, Hannah McConchie, Giovanni Licitra, Kim Meijer, Lodewijk de Ruiter, Zoë van Lierop, Bastiaan Moraal, Frederik Barkhof, Bernard Uitdehaag, Vincent de Groot, Joep Killestein
doi : 10.1111/ene.15162
Pages: 522-534 First Published: 31 October 2021
To investigate smartphone keystroke dynamics (KD), derived from regular typing, on sensitivity to relevant change in disease activity, fatigue, and clinical disability in multiple sclerosis (MS).
The effect of air pollution on COVID-19 severity in a sample of patients with multiple sclerosis
Roberto Bergamaschi, Marta Ponzano, Irene Schiavetti, Luca Carmisciano, Cinzia Cordioli, Massimo Filippi, Marta Radaelli, Paolo Immovilli, Marco Capobianco, Nicola De Rossi, Giampaolo Brichetto, Eleonora Cocco, Cinzia Scandellari, Paola Cavalla, Ilaria Pesci, Antonio Zito, Paolo Confalonieri, Girolama Alessandra Marfia, Paola Perini, Matilde Inglese, Maria Trojano, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Enrico Pisoni, Gioacchino Tedeschi, Giancarlo Comi, Mario Alberto Battaglia, Francesco Patti, Marco Salvetti, Maria Pia Sormani, MuSC-19 study group
doi : 10.1111/ene.15167
Pages: 535-542 First Published: 04 November 2021
Some studies have shown that air pollution, often assessed by thin particulate matter with diameter below 2.5 µg/m3 (PM2.5), may contribute to severe COVID-19 courses, as well as play a role in the onset and evolution of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of air pollution on COVID-19 has never been explored specifically amongst patients with MS (PwMS). This retrospective observational study aims to explore associations between PM2.5 and COVID-19 severity amongst PwMS.
Immune profile and radiological characteristics of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Pia S. Zeiner, Leonhard Mann, Katharina Filipski, Tatjana Starzetz, Marie-Therese Forster, Michael W. Ronellenfitsch, Joachim P. Steinbach, Michel Mittelbronn, Marlies Wagner, Patrick N. Harter
doi : 10.1111/ene.15140
Pages: 543-554 First Published: 13 October 2021
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) constitutes a severe disease with increasing incidence, mostly in the context of immunosuppressive therapies. A detailed understanding of immune response in PML appears critical for the treatment strategy. The aim was a comprehensive immunoprofiling and radiological characterization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) defined PML variants.
Neurological autoimmune diseases following vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2: a case series
Leon D. Kaulen, Sofia Doubrovinskaia, Christoph Mooshage, Berit Jordan, Jan Purrucker, Carmen Haubner, Corinna Seliger, Hanns-Martin Lorenz, Simon Nagel, Brigitte Wildemann, Martin Bendszus, Wolfgang Wick, Silvia Schönenberger
doi : 10.1111/ene.15147
Pages: 555-563 First Published: 19 October 2021
Population-based studies suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines may trigger immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) raising concerns for other autoimmune responses. The aim was to characterize neurological autoimmunity after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations.
Clinical features and outcome of patients with autoimmune cerebellar ataxia evaluated with the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia
Valentina Damato, Claudia Papi, Gregorio Spagni, Amelia Evoli, Gabriella Silvestri, Gianvito Masi, Eleonora Sabatelli, Lucia Campetella, Andrew McKeon, Francesca Andreetta, Vittorio Riso, Gabriele Monte, Marco Luigetti, Guido Primiano, Paolo Calabresi, Raffaele Iorio
doi : 10.1111/ene.15161
Pages: 564-572 First Published: 28 October 2021
This study was undertaken to assess the long-term outcome of patients with paraneoplastic and non paraneoplastic autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA) using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA).
Characterization and quantification of alcohol-related polyneuropathy by magnetic resonance neurography
Christian Rother, Jan Malte Bumb, Markus Weiler, Anna Brault, Georges Sam, John M. Hayes, Adriana Pietsch, Kianush Karimian-Jazi, Johann M. E. Jende, Sabine Heiland, Falk Kiefer, Martin Bendszus, Jennifer Kollmer
doi : 10.1111/ene.15127
Pages: 573-582 First Published: 26 September 2021
We characterized and quantified peripheral nerve damage in alcohol-dependent patients (ADP) by magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) in correlation with clinical and electrophysiologic findings.
Axonal damage determines clinical disability in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP): A prospective cohort study of different CIDP subtypes and disease stages
Thomas Grüter, Jeremias Motte, Yesim Bulut, Anna Kordes, Diamantis Athanasopoulos, Miriam Fels, Christiane Schneider-Gold, Ralf Gold, Anna Lena Fisse, Kalliopi Pitarokoili
doi : 10.1111/ene.15156
Pages: 583-592 First Published: 22 October 2021
Monitoring of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is challenging in daily medical practice because the interrelationship between clinical disability, CIDP subtype, and neuronal degeneration is still elusive. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the role of different electrophysiological variables in CIDP monitoring.
Acute flaccid myelitis and Guillain–Barré syndrome in children: A comparative study with evaluation of diagnostic criteria
Jelte Helfferich, Joyce Roodbol, Marie-Claire de Wit, Oebele F. Brouwer, Bart C. Jacobs, the 2016 Enterovirus D68 Acute Flaccid Myelitis Working Group and the Dutch Pediatric GBS Study Group
doi : 10.1111/ene.15170
Pages: 593-604 First Published: 08 November 2021
Differentiation between acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) can be difficult, particularly in children. Our objective was to improve the diagnostic accuracy by giving recommendations based on a comparison of clinical features and diagnostic criteria in children with AFM or GBS.
Adult onset epilepsy incidence in Finland over 34 years: A nationwide registry study
Jussi O. T. Sipilä, Reetta Kälviäinen
doi : 10.1111/ene.15141
Pages: 605-608 First Published: 13 October 2021
The incidence of epilepsy is decreasing among the working-aged in high-income countries, but previous studies have reported conflicting results in Finland.
Sex differences in the Norwegian Tenecteplase Trial (NOR-TEST)
Håkon Ihle-Hansen, Else Charlotte Sandset, Hege Ihle-Hansen, Guri Hagberg, Bente Thommessen, Ole Morten Rønning, Christopher Elnan Kvistad, Vojtech Novotny, Halvor Næss, Ulrike Waje-Andreassen, Lars Thomassen, Nicola Logallo
doi : 10.1111/ene.15126
Pages: 609-614 First Published: 26 September 2021
Sex differences in acute ischemic stroke is of increasing interest in the era of precision medicine. We aimed to explore sex disparities in baseline characteristics, management and outcomes in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis included in the Norwegian Tenecteplase trial (NOR-TEST).
Vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging in COVID-19-associated cryptogenic ischemic stroke
Federico Mazzacane, Antonio Zito, Serena Magno, Alessandra Persico, Valentina Mazzoleni, Carlo Asteggiano, Elisa Rognone, Anna Pichiecchio, Alessandro Padovani, Anna Cavallini, Andrea Morotti
doi : 10.1111/ene.15128
Pages: 615-619 First Published: 27 September 2021
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to describe the prevalence of vessel wall alterations in patients with cryptogenic stroke through vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (vwMRI).
The predictive value of the CTA Vasospasm Score on delayed cerebral ischaemia and functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
J. Joep van der Harst, Gert-Jan R. Luijckx, Jan Willem J. Elting, Thijs Lammers, Reinoud P. H. Bokkers, Walter M. van den Bergh, Omid S. Eshghi, Jan D. M. Metzemaekers, Rob J. M. Groen, Aryan Mazuri, Nic J. G. M. Veeger, J. Marc C. van Dijk, Maarten Uyttenboogaart
doi : 10.1111/ene.15139
Pages: 620-625 First Published: 13 October 2021
Delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) is a severe complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage that can significantly impact clinical outcome. Cerebral vasospasm is part of the pathophysiology of DCI and therefore a computed tomography angiography (CTA) Vasospasm Score was developed and an exploration was carried out of whether this score predicts DCI and subsequent poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Unraveling the enigma of new-onset refractory status epilepticus: a systematic review of aetiologies
Simona Lattanzi, Markus Leitinger, Chiara Rocchi, Sergio Salvemini, Sara Matricardi, Francesco Brigo, Stefano Meletti, Eugen Trinka
doi : 10.1111/ene.15149
Pages: 626-647 First Published: 18 October 2021
New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a clinical presentation, neither a specific diagnosis nor a clinical entity. It refers to a patient without active epilepsy or other pre-existing relevant neurological disorder, with a NORSE without a clear acute or active structural, toxic or metabolic cause. This study reviews the currently available evidence about the aetiology of patients presenting with NORSE and NORSE-related conditions.
Efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in people with multiple sclerosis: a review
Shawn Hiew, Carine Nguemeni, Daniel Zeller
doi : 10.1111/ene.15163
Pages: 648-664 First Published: 01 November 2021
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease causing a wide range of symptoms including motor and cognitive impairment, fatigue and pain. Over the last two decades, non-invasive brain stimulation, especially transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), has increasingly been used to modulate brain function in various physiological and pathological conditions. However, its experimental applications for people with MS were noted only as recently as 2010 and have been growing since then. The efficacy for use in people with MS remains questionable with the results of existing studies being largely conflicting. Hence, the aim of this review is to paint a picture of the current state of tDCS in MS research grounded on studies applying tDCS that have been done to date.
Evidence in peroneal nerve entrapment: A scoping review
Christophe Oosterbos, Thomas Decramer, Sofie Rummens, Frank Weyns, Annie Dubuisson, Jeroen Ceuppens, Sophie Schuind, Justus Groen, Johannes van Loon, Lukas Rasulic, Robin Lemmens, Tom Theys
doi : 10.1111/ene.15145
Pages: 665-679 First Published: 18 October 2021
Daily management of patients with foot drop due to peroneal nerve entrapment varies between a purely conservative treatment and early surgery, with no high-quality evidence to guide current practice. Electrodiagnostic (EDX) prognostic features and the value of imaging in establishing and supplementing the diagnosis have not been clearly established.
