A. Torrelo,J. Ring
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17896
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 164-164
P. Gisondi,F. Bellinato,G. Girolomoni
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17854
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 165-166
A total of 7.71?billion doses of Sars-CoV-2 vaccines have been administered, covering approximately the 53% and 70% of the world and European population respectively.1 Consequently, an increasing number and type of skin adverse reactions to vaccination have been reported, soliciting the interest of the dermatological community. In the manuscript published in this issue of the Journal of European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology entitled “Cutaneous findings following COVID-19 vaccination: review of world literature and own experience”, Gambichler et al. provide a clear overview on cutaneous adverse events associated with Sars-CoV-2 vaccination and discuss their possible pathogenesis.2 Briefly, the most frequent cutaneous findings are the local injection-site reactions, which are generally mild and self-remitting.2 Severe reactions, such as anaphylaxis, urticaria and angio-oedema, are much more rare and likely related to type I hypersensitivity reaction to selected vaccine components (i.e. polyethylene glycols and polysorbate 80).2 A wide range of delayed type IV hypersensitivity reactions have been reported, including the “COVID-19 arm”, maculo-papular exanthema, erythema multiforme, filler reactions, BCG-itis and radiation-recall dermatitis.2 Moreover, flares of pre-existing dermatoses, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and chronic urticaria, have been consistently documented. Indeed, mRNA-based vaccines can directly activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells resulting in the production of type I IFNs and multiple proinflammatory cytokines activating T cells and triggering psoriasis in susceptible individuals. The generation of autoreactive lymphocytes and cross-reactive antibodies due to molecular mimicry between Sars-CoV-2 spike protein and endogenous human cross-reactive antigens may be involved in the pathogenesis of other adverse reactions, including vasculitis, lupus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid and vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia.2, 3 Finally, functional angiopathies (i.e. chilblain-like lesions and erythromelalgia) and the reactivation of viral conditions, as pityriasis rosea-like rashes and herpes zoster, have been described but their causal relationship remains controversial.2
Hildur Helgadottir
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17879
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 167-168
Paediatric melanoma is rare, accounting for approximately 1% of melanomas and up to 5% of all childhood cancers.1, 2 Like adult melanoma, paediatric melanoma has increased in incidence over the past decades.1-3 The rise has not been as steep as in adults and seen in adolescents rather than in younger children. In recent years, a leveling off in the incidence trend in younger patients has been noted.2, 3 Paediatric melanomas tend to be thicker and more frequently sentinel lymph node positive at diagnosis.2 As in adults, the melanoma-specific prognosis is good in early stages but dismal in patients that develop metastatic disease.2 New melanoma therapies, including the immune checkpoint inhibitors, have significantly improved the survival in metastatic melanoma.4 In advanced paediatric melanoma, the effect of such treatments has not been extensively studied, but early studies suggest a poorer response in affected children.5 Different treatment effects are likely related to biological distinctive characteristics such as the mutational landscape and mutational load in the paediatric tumours.6 While melanoma in adolescents has features that are more similar to adult melanomas, melanomas in preadolescents have some distinctive features, such as a higher occurrence in non-Caucasians, arising in congenital melanocytic nevi or being of spitzoid subtype.2 Additionally, paediatric melanomas are more often diagnosed in melanoma prone families.7 Panel testing including several cancer-associated genes has shown that pathogenic variants are, compared to adult cancer patients, significantly more frequent in paediatric cancers.8, 9 Melanoma is however not one of the main tumours in known paediatric cancer prone syndromes.8
J.L. Pace
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17858
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 169-171
T. Gambichler,S. Boms,L. Susok,H. Dickel,C. Finis,N. Abu Rached,M. Barras,M. Stücker,D. Kasakovski
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17744
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 172-180
There is growing evidence that not only the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) but also the COVID-19 vaccines can cause a variety of skin reactions. In this review article, we provide a brief overview on cutaneous findings that have been observed since the emerging mass COVID-19 vaccination campaigns all over the world. Unspecific injection-site reactions very early occurring after the vaccination are most frequent. Type I hypersensitivity reactions (e.g. urticaria, angio-oedema and anaphylaxis) likely due to allergy to ingredients may rarely occur but can be severe. Type IV hypersensitivity reactions may be observed, including delayed large local skin lesions (“COVID arm”), inflammatory reactions in dermal filler or previous radiation sites or even old BCG scars, and more commonly morbilliform and erythema multiforme-like rashes. Autoimmune-mediated skin findings after COVID-19 vaccination include leucocytoclastic vasculitis, lupus erythematosus and immune thrombocytopenia. Functional angiopathies (chilblain-like lesions, erythromelalgia) may also be observed. Pityriasis rosea-like rashes and reactivation of herpes zoster have also been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. In conclusion, there are numerous cutaneous reaction patterns that may occur following COVID-19 vaccination, whereby many of these skin findings are of immunological/autoimmunological nature. Importantly, molecular mimicry exists between SARS-CoV-2 (e.g. the spike-protein sequences used to design the vaccines) and human components and may thus explain some COVID-19 pathologies as well as adverse skin reactions to COVID-19 vaccinations.
S. Schalka,M.S. Silva,L.F. Lopes,L.M. de Freitas,M.S. Baptista
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17780
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 181-195
Redoxome is the network of redox reactions and redox active species (ReAS) that affect the homeostasis of cells and tissues. Due to the intense and constant interaction with external agents, the human skin has a robust redox signalling framework with specific pathways and magnitudes. The establishment of the skin redoxome concept is key to expanding knowledge of skin disorders and establishing better strategies for their prevention and treatment. This review starts with its definition and progress to propose how the master redox regulators are maintained and activated in the different conditions experienced by the skin and how the lack of redox regulation is involved in the accumulation of several oxidation end products that are correlated with various skin disorders.
S. Légaré,M. Chagnon,A. Palijan,K. Kojok,R. Bissonnette
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17743
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 196-212
The rising prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in developing countries and its substantial socioeconomic impact have furthered research over the last two decades giving way to advances in its aetiopathogenesis and treatment. Topical therapies targeting newly identified AD signalling pathways are being developed. Numerous clinician-assessed disease severity outcome measurement instruments (OMIs) are available to evaluate the efficacy of investigational treatments in proof-of-concept (POC) trials for AD. However, little is known about the comparative sensitivity of these efficacy OMIs. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the sensitivity of different OMIs in controlled trials of topical therapies for AD published between January 1, 2000 and April 7, 2020. Treatment effect size of OMIs reported at Week 4 was calculated with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). The sensitivity of OMIs was compared by pooling the standardized difference between means (Cohen's d and Cohen's h) for any two OMI-parameter combinations that were reported in ?3 studies identified in our systematic review. Assessed parameters were difference between active and vehicle at Week 4 and change from baseline [CFB] and percentage change from baseline [%CFB] at Week 4. We identified a total of 15 studies with 3313 subjects examining 14 different OMIs were included in this quantitative meta-analysis. Continuous OMIs had a significantly higher treatment effect size vs. dichotomous OMIs (P = 0.006). Comparisons of Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), body surface area (BSA) and SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) for available parameters were performed and generally had a similar sensitivity, with BSA showing smaller overall effect size estimates. In conclusion, continuous OMIs used in topical clinical trials for AD had significantly higher treatment effect sizes when compared to dichotomous OMIs. Continuous OMIs could provide more power for POC trials with a small sample size in atopic dermatitis with topical therapies.
C. Pellegrini,S. Raimondi,L. Di Nardo,P. Ghiorzo,C. Menin,M.A. Manganoni,G. Palmieri,G. Guida,P. Quaglino,I. Stanganelli,D. Massi,L. Pastorino,L. Elefanti,G. Tosti,P. Queirolo,A. Leva,A. Maurichi,M. Rodolfo,M.C. Fargnoli, On behalf of the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI)
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17735
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 213-221
A polygenic inheritance involving high, medium and low penetrance genes has been suggested for melanoma susceptibility in adults, but genetic information is scarce for paediatric patients.
A. Lallas,G. Martínez,M. Arceu,A. Kyrgidis,K. Liopyris,G. Brancaccio,C. Longo,E. Errichetti,D. Sgouros,C. Papageorgiou,C. Fotiadou,S. Siskou,S.M. Manoli,E. Sotiriou,D. Ioannides,A. Katoulis,E. Lazaridou,V. Todorovska,G. Argenziano,Z. Apalla
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17790
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 222-227
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip accounts for 20% of all oral carcinomas. Its diagnosis may be challenging because it clinically resembles actinic cheilitis and inflammatory lesions of the lips.
A. Pinter,L.J. Green,J. Selmer,M. Praestegaard,L.S. Gold,M. Augustin,on behalf of the trial investigator group
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17734
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 228-236
Plaque psoriasis is a common, chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease clinically characterized by erythema and scaling desquamation. As over 90% of psoriasis patients benefit from topical therapies, local treatments continue to play an eminent role in management strategies. One such topical treatment is the fixed dose combination of calcipotriol (CAL) and betamethasone dipropionate (BDP).
M. Otto,B. Dorn,T. Grasmik,M. Doll,M. Meissner,T. Jakob,I. Hrgovic
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17769
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 237-246
Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g. psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis) are at increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Previous studies have suggested that phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors possess anti-inflammatory properties.
T.M.P. Callou,R.L. Orfali,M.N. Sotto,N.V. Pereira,M.C. Zaniboni,V. Aoki,M.P. Brito,M. Matsuda,R.M. Santo
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17768
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 247-254
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an itchy, chronic and inflammatory skin condition, with dysfunctional immune response and skin barrier defects. Reduction of filaggrin (FLG) and tight junctions (TJ) proteins, such as claudin-1 (CLDN-1), expression in cutaneous epithelial barrier is remarkable in AD pathogenesis. Ocular involvement occurs in approximately 40% of AD patients leading to changes in the structure of the conjunctiva.
M.N. Basu,C.G. Mortz,T.K. Jensen,T. Barington,S. Halken
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17787
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 255-262
Filaggrin-derived natural moisturizing factors (NMF) play an important role in skin barrier function and in atopic dermatitis (AD). Its deficiency is associated with dry skin and increased surface pH. Studies on childhood environmental exposures and associations with NMF levels are scarce.
M. Havmose,J.P. Thyssen,C. Zachariae,J.D. Johansen
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17794
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 263-270
Occupational hand eczema is common among hairdressers and implementing effective preventive measures requires a good understanding of the disease’s epidemiology.
W.L. Zhao,K. Ishii,S. Egami,Z. Xu,T. Funakoshi,H. Takahashi,A. Tanikawa,A. Ishiko,M. Amagai,J. Yamagami
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17770
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 271-278
The detection of serum anti-desmoglein (Dsg) IgG autoantibodies has been reported to be useful for assessment of disease activity in pemphigus. However, previous studies have reported that anti-Dsg autoantibodies remain detectable in some patients without active pemphigus lesions.
J. Shourick,J. Seneschal,N. Andreu,J.-M. Meurant,I. Pane,P. Ravaud,V.-T. Tran,K. Ezzedine
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17742
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 279-285
Vitiligo management is challenging and requires long-term adherence of patients who often complain of the burden associated with treatment.
B.M. Piraccini,U. Blume-Peytavi,F. Scarci,J.M. Jansat,M. Falqués,R. Otero,M.L. Tamarit,J. Galván,V. Tebbs,E. Massana, on behalf of the Topical Finasteride Study Group
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17738
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 286-294
Oral finasteride is a well-established treatment for men with androgenetic alopecia (AGA), but long-term therapy is not always acceptable to patients. A topical finasteride formulation has been developed to minimize systemic exposure by acting specifically on hair follicles.
Y. Tanaka,Y. Iwata,K. Saito,H. Fukushima,S. Watanabe,Y. Hasegawa,M. Akiyama,K. Sugiura
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17767
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 295-304
Loss-of-function homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in IL36RN, which encodes interleukin-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra), has been implicated in the pathogenesis of skin disorders. However, the pathogenic role of IL-36Ra in cutaneous ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear.
W. Bäumler,C. Breu,B. Philipp,B. Haslböck,M. Berneburg,K.T. Weiß
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17674
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 305-312
Laser pulses with nanosecond duration (NSL) have been the golden standard to destroy the pigment particles in skin. It is still controversially discussed whether picosecond pulses (PSL) are superior for tattoo removal.
C. Cortelazzi,M.B. De Felici Del Giudice,E. Pierobon,G. Pellacani,S. Di Nuzzo
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17438
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. 313-313
D. Pesqué,E. Lopez-Trujillo,O. Marcantonio,A.M. Giménez-Arnau,R.M. Pujol
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17690
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e80-e81
P. Sharda,A. Mohta,B.C. Ghiya,R.D. Mehta
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17718
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e82-e83
S.G. Brooks,R. Alhusayen,V. Piguet,D. Croitoru
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17719
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e84-e85
D. Koumaki,S.-E. Krueger-Krasagakis,M. Papadakis,A. Katoulis,V. Koumaki,G. Evangelou,M. Stefanidou,D. Mylonakis,K. Zografaki,K. Krasagakis
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17720
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e85-e86
S.M.A. Ahmed,M. Volontè,E. Isoletta,C. Vassallo,C.F. Tomasini,D. Lilleri,P. Zelini,V. Musella,C. Klersy,V. Brazzelli
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17721
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e86-e88
V. Schmidt,R. Blum,M. Möhrenschlager
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17722
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e88-e90
C. Zengarini,C. Misciali,T. Lazzarotto,E. Dika
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17723
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e90-e91
E. Panou,V. Nikolaou,L. Marinos,S. Kallambou,P. Sidiropoulou,M. Gerochristou,A. Stratigos
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17736
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e91-e93
Y. Lytvyn,J.R. Georgakopoulos,A. Mufti,A.R. Devani,M.J. Gooderham,V. Jain,P. Lansang,R. Vender,V.H. Prajapati,J. Yeung
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17749
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e94-e95
C. Moya-Martinez,E.D. Berná-Rico,A. Melian-Olivera,C. Moreno-Garcia del Real,D. Fernández-Nieto
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17750
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e95-e97
C. Kouki,K. Sellami,E. Bahloul,M. Amouri,A. Masmoudi,H. Turki
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17751
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e97-e98
M.J. Kim,J.W. Kim,M.S. Kim,S.Y. Choi,J.I. Na
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17757
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e98-e100
M. Blaise,F. Rocher,H. Spittler,A. Sanchez,E. Lanteri,L. Coco,A. Puma,A. Martel,G. Gonfrier,T. Passeron,H. Montaudié
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17760
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e100-e102
M. Common,J. El Khalifa,Q. Beytout,S. Grootenboer-Mignot,L. Deschamps,V. Descamps
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17642
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e102-e104
E. Kyrmanidou,T. Koletsa,E. Sotiriou,D. Ioannides,C. Fotiadou,S. Chatzopoulos,Z. Apalla,P. Hytiroglou,E. Lazaridou
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17643
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e104-e106
K. Heidemeyer,S. Bossart
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17644
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e106-e107
P. Traversat,A. Lauzeral,S. Michalak,R. Mahieu,F. Berteau,V. Dubée
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17647
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e107-e109
I. Doche,M.K. Hordinsky,N.S. Valente,M.N. Sotto,I. Miotto,M. Rebeis,M.C. Rivitti-Machado
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17649
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e109-e111
K. Hansel,A. Zangrilli,L. Bianchi,K. Peris,A. Chiricozzi,A. Offidani,F. Diotallevi,M.C. Fargnoli,M. Esposito,P. Amerio,G. Gualdi,L. Bianchi,L. Stingeni
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17656
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e111-e113
K. Shima,T. Nomura,Y. Yamada,S. Usui,T. Kobayashi,K. Kabashima
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17657
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e113-e115
M.L. Hrin,J.K. Bray,A.B. Fleischer Jr.,S.R. Feldman
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17663
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e115-e118
K.P.M. Suijkerbuijk,J.B.A.G. Haanen,M.J. Boers-Sonderen,G.A.P. Hospers,C.U. Blank,F.W.P.J. van den Berkmortel,J.W.B. de Groot,D. Piersma,M.J.B. Aarts,R.S. van Rijn,G. Vreugdenhil,H.M. Westgeest,E. Kapiteijn,A.A.M. van der Veldt,A.J.M. van den Eertwegh
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17668
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e118-e119
B. Reyn,E. Van Eycken,M. Louwman,K. Henau,K. Schreuder,L. Brochez,M. Garmyn,N.A. Kukutsch
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17666
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e119-e119
M.H. Tirgan,J. Uitto
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17669
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e120-e122
E. Guttman-Yassky,A. Diaz,A.B. Pavel,K. Tan,H. He,H. Xu,I. Cueto,J.G. Krueger
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17699
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e122-e123
J.A.F Dias,P.B. Lima,D.P. Cassiano,A.C.C. Espósito,E. Bagatin,L.D.B. Miot,H.A. Miot
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17692
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e123-e125
Y.T. Chen,W.S. Liu,K.Y. Su,Y.H. Hsu,C.H. Chang
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17693
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e125-e128
M. Takata,T. Komori,Y. Ishida,M. Fujimoto,S. Ogawa,K. Kabashima
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17694
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e128-e130
H. Yin,S. Wang,Y. Yu,S. Chen,L. Lu
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17695
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e130-e132
M.P. Pereira,M. Görg,C. Zeidler,S. Ständer
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17696
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e132-e133
M. Relvas,J. Silva,F. Alves,A. Matos,M. Bizjak,M. Gonçalo
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17697
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e133-e135
I. Marti-Marti,D. Morgado-Carrasco,C. Carrera,F. Alamon-Reig,L. Serra-García,J.M. Mascaró Jr
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17698
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e135-e139
P.M. Patel,V.A. Jones,K. Kridin,R.A. Strong,M. Yale,K.T. Amber
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17700
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e139-e141
K. Takamoto,T. Komori,Y. Ishida,N. Kambe,K. Kabashima
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17701
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e141-e142
M. Logel,R. Pammett,C. Chiang,A. O'Toole,M. Gooderham
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17702
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e142-e145
K. Bakirtzi,E. Sotiriou,E. Vakirlis,I. Papadimitriou,A. Lallas,N. Kougkas,E. Lazaridou,D. Ioannides
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17703
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e145-e147
J.P. Thyssen,P. Lio,S. Ball,E. Pierce,L. Sun,Y. Chen,J.K.L. Tan,M. Augustin
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17704
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e147-e150
G. Licata,A. Gambardella,V. Tancredi,G. Calabrese,A. De Rosa,R. Alfano,G. Argenziano
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17705
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e150-e152
Y. Kuang,Y. Luo,X. Yi,Q. Wang,C. Wang,M. Shen,Y. Fu,G. Shu,R. Li,L. Zhu,P. Pang,Y. Zhang,W. Zhu,X. Chen,B.T. Chen
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17707
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e152-e155
A.C. Bursztejn,J. Shourick,C. Bodemer,A. Lasek,E. Mahé,S. Merhand,F. Sampogna,C. Taïeb,F. Boralevi,K. Ezzedine,S. Barbarot,S. Mallet,C. Abasq
doi : 10.1111/jdv.17712
Volume 36, Issue 2 p. e155-e157
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