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Reducing disparities in adverse pregnancy outcomes in the United States
Lochan M.ShahMDa#BhavyaVarmaMDa#KhurramNasirMDMPHMScbMary NorineWalshMDcRoger S.BlumenthalMDaLaxmi S.MehtaMDdGarimaSharmaMDa
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.019
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 92-102
There is growing evidence that rural and racial disparities and social determinants of health (SDOH) impact adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) and overall maternal mortality in the United States. These APOs, such as preeclampsia, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction, are in-turn associated with increased risk of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Importantly, SDOH such as socioeconomic disadvantages, poor health literacy, transportation barriers, lack of access to adequate health care, food insecurity, and psychosocial stressors have cascading effects on APOs and downstream cardiovascular health. These SDOH are also deeply intertwined with and compounded by existing racial and rural disparities. Pregnancy thus provides a unique opportunity to identify at-risk women from a social determinants perspective, and provide early interventions to optimize long-term CVD and mitigate cardiovascular health disparities. Addressing the challenges posed by these disparities requires a multi-pronged approach and involves national, regional, and individual level solutions. Eliminating disparities will necessitate a nationwide obligation to ensure health care equity via enhanced health insurance coverage, resource investment, and public and clinician accountability.
Medically Ill hospitalized Patients for COVID-19 THrombosis Extended ProphyLaxis with rivaroxaban ThErapy: Rationale and Design of the MICHELLE Trial#
EduardoRamacciottiMD, PhDabLeandro BarileAgatiPhDaDanielaCalderaroMD, PhDcGiuliano GiovaVolpianiMDabCaroline Candida Carvalhode OliveiraMDabValéria Cristina ResendeAguiarMDabElizabethRodriguesPhDaMarcone LimaSobreiraMD, PhDdEdwaldo EdnerJovilianoMD, PhDeCesarDusilekMDfKenjiItinoseMDfRogério AparecidoDedivitisMD, PhDgAndré SementilliCortinaMDgSuzanna Maria VianaSanchesMDhNara Franzinde MoraesMDiPaulo Fernando Guimarães Morando MarzocchiTiernoMDiAndré Luiz Malavasi Longode OliveiraMDjAdrianoTachibanaMD, PhDkRodrigo CarusoChateMD, PhDkMarcus Vinícius BarbosaSantosMDlBruno Bezerra de MenezesCavalcanteMDmRicardo Cesar RochaMoreiraMDnChangChiannPhDoAlfonsoTafurMDpAlex C.SpyropoulosMDqRenato D.LopesMD, PhDr
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.016
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 115-122
Younger patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia face more frequent amputations
E. HopeWeisslerMDaCassie B.FordPhDbManesh R.PatelcPhilGoodneyMD, MSdAmyClarkPhDbChandlerLongMDaW. SchuylerJonesMDbc
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.002
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 6-14
Atrial fibrillation burden and cognitive decline in elderly patients undergoing continuous monitoring
Mathias PintoBONNESENMScaSøren ZögaDIEDERICHSENMD, PhDaJonas L.ISAKSENMScbKristian SteenFREDERIKSENMD, PhDcSteen GregersHASSELBALCHMD, DMSccdKetil JørgenHAUGANMD, PhDeChristianKRONBORGPhDfClausGRAFFPhDgSørenHØJBERGMD, PhDhLarsKØBERMD, DMScadDerk W.KRIEGERMD, PhDijAxelBRANDESMD, DMScklmJesper HastrupSVENDSENMD, DMScad
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.006
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 15-23
Sex-based difference in fractional flow reserve and its impact on clinical outcomes
MohammadAlkhalilDPhil, MRCPabGavinThomasMBBCh, MRCPacMark S.SpenceMBBCh, FRCPaColumOwensMBBCh, MDaPeterMcKavanaghMBBCh, BAO, PhDac
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.010
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 24-32
Text messages for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: The TextMe2 randomized clinical trial
HarryKlimisMBBS, FRACP, PhDabAravindaThiagalingamMBChB, FRACP, FCSANZ, PhDabDanielMcIntyreBSc(MedSc)aSimoneMarschnerMScaAmyVon HubenMBiostataClara K.ChowMBBS, FRACP, PhDab
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.009
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 33-44
Patient characteristics, care patterns, and outcomes of atrial fibrillation associated hospitalizations in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease
NilayKumarMDaHaolinXuMSbNeetikaGargMDcAmbarishPandeyMDdRoland AMatsouakaPhDbeMichael EFieldMDfMintu PTurakhiaMDMASgJonathan PPicciniMD, MHSbhWilliam RLewisMDiGregg CFonarowMDj
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.06.012
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 45-60
Cardiac pathology 6 months after hospitalization for COVID-19 and association with the acute disease severity
Peder L.MyhreMD,PhDab*Siri L.HeckMD,PhDbc*Julia B.SkranesMDabChristianPrebensenMD,PhDbdChristine M.JonassenPhDeTrygveBergeMD,PhDbfAlbulenaMecinajMDabWoldegabrielMellesMSccGunnarEinvikMD,PhDbgCharlotte B.IngulMD,PhDhArnljotTveitMD,PhDbfJan ErikBerdalMD,PhDbdHelgeRøsjøMD,PhDbiMagnus N.LyngbakkenMD,PhDabTorbjørnOmlandMD,PhD,MPHab
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.001
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 61-70
Cardiovascular and major bleeding outcomes with antiplatelet and direct oral anticoagulants in patients with acute coronary syndrome and atrial fibrillation: A population-based analysis
Ghadeer K.DawwasMScMBAPhDabcGeoffrey D.BarnesMDMScdEricDietrichPharmDeAdamCukerMDMSfgCharles E.LeonardPharmDMSCEabcMichael V.GenuardiMDMShJames D.LewisMDMSCEabci
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.014
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 71-81
Cardiovascular risk and outcomes in symptomatic patients with suspected coronary artery disease and non coronary vascular disease: A report from the PROMISE trial
SreekanthVemulapalliMDabAmandaStebbinsMSaW. SchuylerJonesMDabJ. AntonioGutierrezMD, MHSabManesh R.PatelMDabRowena J.DolorMD, MHSacPatricia A.PellikkaMDdBrookeAlhantiPhDaUdoHoffmannMDePamela S.DouglasMDab
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.07.010
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 82-91
Initial rhythm control with cryoballoon ablation vs drug therapy: Impact on quality of life and symptoms
NikolaPavlovicMDar1Gian-BattistaChierchiaMDb1VedranVelagicMDcJean SylvainHermidaMDdStewartHealeyMDeGiuseppeArenaMDfNicolasBadencoMDgChristianMeyerMDhJianChenMDiSaverioIacopinoMDjFrédéricAnselmeMDkLukasDekkerMDlFernandoScazzusoMDmDouglas LPackerMDnCarlode AsmundisMDbHeinz-FriedrichPitschnerMDoFabio DiPiazzaMScpRachelle EKaplonPhDqMalteKunissMDoCryo-FIRST Investigators2
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.007
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 103-114
Increased risk of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism in hyperthyroidism-related atrial fibrillation: A nationwide cohort study
KyuKimMDa†Pil-SungYangMDb†EunsunJangaHee TaeYuMDaTae-HoonKimMDaJae-SunUhmMDaJong-YounKimMDaJung-HoonSungMDbHui-NamPakMDaMoon-HyoungLeeMDaGregory Y.H.LipMDac‡BoyoungJoungMDa‡
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.018
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 123-131
Patient evaluation of a virtual visit program for adults with congenital heart disease
YaminiKrishnamurthyMDaJaclyn A.PagliaroMPHbConnor B.GradyMPHbcNavaKatzBSbDavidBunnMPHdeAmi B.BhattMDabef
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.004
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 138-145
Association of STEMI regionalization of care with de facto NSTEMI regionalization
Juan Carlos C.MontoyMD, PhDaYu-ChuShenPhDbHarlan MKrumholzMD, SMcdeRenee Y.HsiaMD, MScaf
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.07.002
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 1-5
Performance of the ESC 0/2h-algorithm using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I in the early diagnosis of myocardial infarction
LucaKoechlinMDabc1JasperBoeddinghausMDac1ThomasNestelbergerMDacdPedroLopez-AyalaMDacDesireeWusslerMDaceSamyutShresthaMDaceTobiasResaMDacKarinWildiMDacfgAdamBakulaMDaSimonFreyMDaÒscarMiróMDchF JavierMartin-SanchezMDciIvoStrebelMScacDanielle MGualandroMDacFriedrich SEcksteinMDbOliverReuthebuchMDbDagmar IKellerMDjRaphaelTwerenboldMDacMaria RubiniGiménezMDackChristianMuellerMDac
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.008
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 132-137
Comparison of Therapies with GLP1 Analogues in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Without Control
JoseZambrano1NataliaBuitrago1AlinAbreu2
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.002
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 146
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease in the aspect of insulin resistance in the adulthood, that requires continuous medical attention and represents a therapeutic challenge beyond glycemic control. Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor analogues (GLP-1) have a favorable effect in modifying cardiovascular risk factors. the objective is to analyze the clinical benefits of there.
Evaluation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus as Predisposing Factors for Mortality in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
VityalaYethindra1TugolbaiTagaev2AltynaiZhumabekova3BegaiymBegalieva4AlinaKurmanalieva5AiganyshUmetova6DatkaYsabaeva6AizatMukashova6
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.003
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 146
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has long-lasting effects on health, social well-being, and national economies worldwide because of its high infection and mortality rates. The risk is especially high in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Objective: To analyse the association of CVD and DM with mortality in patients infected with COVID-19.
Renal Protective Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Against Chromate Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Amal M.Mahfoz
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.004
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 146-147
Background and Objective: Exposure to human carcinogens as hexavalent chromate compounds is unavoidable. Chromate induces nephrotoxicity mainly due to increased cellular oxidative stress. The current study evaluates the renoprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in potassium dichromate (Chromate) induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and
Prevalence of renal dysfuntion among Hiv paediatric children attending DRRH
AbdulrafeyZahraKhan
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.005
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 147
WHO estimates 36.7 million people were living with HIV worldwide in 2016, of these 2.1 million (6%) were children under 15 years of age in 2015. Renal complications are important component of advanced HIV disease. About 30% of people with HIV may have kidney disease (UNSAID). Kidney disease is an important complication in HIV-infected individuals and is associated with an increased rise of morbidity and mortality. There are many factors for kidney disease in HIV infection include: African descent, female gender, older age, elevated creatinine, low CD4 counts, high viral load, prolong use of ART, nephrotoxic drugs and comorbidity. All of these factors had impacts on short and long-term prognosis of the patient with HIV.
High Serum Atherogenicity and the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
SimonaOpri?Gianina IoanaConstantin
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.006
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 147-148
Evidence sustained that lipid disorders may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. Objective: The purpose of the study was to establish the correlation between lipid changes and atherogenic index in diabetes patients and to evaluate its utility as risk predictor.
Study of Triglyceride Glucose Index and Total Cholesterol/HDLc for Assessment of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes and Hypertension
SushilBaral1Shyam KumarBK2Rupeshkshetri3
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.007
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 148
Study of Triglyceride glucose index and Total cholesterol/HDLc for assessment of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and Hypertension Sushil Baral1, Shyam kumar B.K2 Rupesh kshetri 3 Introduction Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel and surrogate marker to demonstrate and predict cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in general population as well as in diabetes and hypertension patients. The progress of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is determined by multiple contributing factors including glycemic abnormality and lipid disorder. Plasma TG levels are strongly associated with raised glucose levels because of the interactions between fat, muscle and function of pancreatic ?-cells. Probable studies have revealed that plasma TG is an independent risk factor for developing T2DM. Furthermore, various study has been reported that both fasting glucose and TG within the high normal range may predict CVD risk. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the combined value of TG and fasting glucose to assess the cardiovascular outcome in diabetes and hypertension patients. Method It was observational, descriptive hospital-based study conducted in Bir hospital, Nepal. Patients with a diagnosis of diabetes for three years or more duration were selected. This study was designed to correlate TyG with Non-HDLc and TC/HDLc and its relationship with other lipid parameters. TyG index was calculated according to the following equation: Ln[FBS(mg/dl)?×?TG (mg/dl)/2]. Normal cut-off values reported for the TyG in the literature are roughly around 4 and 8. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 22. Mean values of different variables, standard deviations and p-values were calculated. Result A total of 300 patients were enrolled in this study with diagnoses of diabetes with or without hypertension. Among them 58.3% of diabetes had hypertension and under medication. The mean age was 55.65±11.42(34-81yrs). The mean FBS±S.D and HbA1c±S.D were 181.43±58.05 (89-334mg/dl) and 9.61%(6.7-14%).Similarly mean serum Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDLc and Non HDLc were 207.82±44.44mg/dl, 202.30±70.25mg/dl,124±39.85mg/dl and 164.87±43.30mg/dl. The Mean TyG was 5.18±0.32(2-5.76mg/dl) and all patients had elevated TyG more than 4. There was a significant positive correlation of TyG with Non-HDLc (r= 0.274, p<0.01), TC/HDLc (r= 0.222, p<0.01) and HbA1c (r=0.355, p<0.01). Conclusion In our study TyG index was positively associated with Non-HDLc and TC/HDLc, suggesting that TyG may be a useful marker for predicting cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and hypertension in poor country like Nepal Key words: Diabetes, Hypertension, TyG, Non-HDLc, cardiovascular outcome
Effects of Vitamin D Therapy on Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Prediabetes
K.TchaavaN.GegeshidzeM.ShavdiaN.NinashviliM.Gogiashvili
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.008
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 148
To assess the effect of cholecalciferol therapy at various doses on glucose metabolism in patients with prediabetes.
ApoB48 (remnant) Dyslipoproteinemia Correlates with D-lactate, an Advanced Glycation Precursor Catabolic Product, in Obese Adolescents
Karla PaolaGutierrez12RussellCaccavello2Ma. EugeniaGaray-Sevilla1AlejandroGugliucci2
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.009
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 149
Methyglyoxal (MG) is a toxic molecule that mediates damage produced by glycation, a key pathogenic factor in diabetes mellitus. We have previously shown that the MG catabolic product, D-lactate, is higher in obese adolescents (1) and that apoB48 is higher in adolescents with insulin resistance (IR) (2). Hypothesis and aims: We tested the hypothesis that increased D-lactate is associated with ApoB48 (remnant) dyslipoproteinemia and IR in adolescents. Material and
Nitric Oxide Synthase Promoter Variant in Coronary Artery Disease
Dr RichaDixit
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.010
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 149
Patho-physiological processes in coronary artery disease are influenced by genetic factors. Vascular function is affected by endothelial derived factors which leads to the activation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS). The aim of this study was to look for a relationship between the C150T polymorphisms of the iNOS and endothelial dysfunction in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Materials and
The Diagnostic Value of Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) Stress Test in Diabetic Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease in Correlation to Invasive Coronary Angiogram
Mohammed S.AlqarniSaadAlbugamiZiad M.BukhariAtifAlzahraniAbdulkarim W.AbukhodairDinaBinammar
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.011
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 149-150
Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is the procedure of choice for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). ICA allows for a clear visualization of the coronary arterial blood flow, which helps in the diagnosis and treatment decision.Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is currently in widespread use to evaluate patients known or suspected to have coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim is to examine the association between (SPECT) stress test and elective ICA in terms of diagnostic value in Diabetic patients suspected to have coronary artery disease.
Association Between Post-Operative Infection and Blood Transfusion in Diabetic Patients Who Underwent Cardiac Surgery
AbdulmalekAlzahraniZiadBukhariMohammedAlqarniAbdulkarimAbukhodair
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.012
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 150
Background Blood transfusion is a commonly used therapy in cardiac surgery, whether it is given during the surgery or in the intensive care unit. It is important to evaluate the risks and benefits of exposure to blood transfusion. The use of blood transfusions can influence patient outcome. Previous studies have implicated blood transfusion as a causative factor in post-operative infection. Methods The regular six-week follow-up of cardiac surgery patients allowed us to maintain a six-week infection span. The main variables included patient characteristics, operative characteristics, pre-operative hemoglobin, six-week infection, blood transfusion, and clinical outcomes. A logistic regression model was developed to identify patient and procedure variables that were associated with blood transfusion and infection. The baseline variables were entered into the model. Variables with p-value less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results The incidence of transfusion out of 197 patients was 93.4% (n?=?184). The occurrence of infection was 31.82% (n?=?63). There was no difference in post-operative infection for patients who received blood transfusions compared with those who did not receive blood transfusions (p?=?0.902). Infections were higher in uncontrolled diabetes with (p?=?0.036). In comparing patients receiving 1-2 units of red blood cells (RBCs) (48%) and those receiving >2 units of RBCs (52%), there was no significance (p?=?0.549). Conclusions There was no association between the incidence of infection and blood transfusion. However, uncontrolled diabetes increases the risk of infection. There are other reasons for withholding blood, it would not be recommended to do so based on the concern of infection.
The Effect of Glycemic Control on Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Among Diabetic Patients
Ziad M.BukhariSaadAlbugamiMohammed S.AlqarniAbdulkarim W.AbukhodairMalak A.BinShihon
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.013
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 150
Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is a marker that reflects the control of diabetes mellitus (DM) over a three-month period. We sought to compare cardiovascular outcomes of diabetic patients with and without controlled levels of HbA1c post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) presenting to King Faisal Cardiac Center.
Alterations in the Biochemical Parameters and the Spermatic Function Generated by Obesity in Rats
DemmoucheAbbassia
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.014
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 151
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of a hyperlipidic diet set before puberty in male Wistar rats’ gonadal weights and testicular functions.
Use of the Progression of Adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index to Predict Acute Coronary Syndrome, Ischemic Stroke, and Mortality in Asian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Investigation
Wei SyunHu
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.015
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 151
We report on a retrospective population study aimed at identifying and validating the progression of adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (DCSI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), ischemic stroke, and mortality in Asian people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
Comparisons of Changes in the Adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index and CHA2DS2-VASc Score for Atrial Fibrillation Risk Stratification in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Wei SyunHu
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.016
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 151
This study describes the risk prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF) after incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with either progression of adapted diabetes complications severity index (DCSI) or CHA2DS2-VASc score in a large registry from Taiwan.
COVID 19 and the Systematic Use of Aspirin in Diabetics During Hospitalization: A Retrospective Study
M.VlachopoylouE.M.HamissaS.A.AbdAlgaffarG.Chatzis
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.017
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 152
Background and Aims Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, has infected more than 153 million people and led to the death of 3.3 million others. It is estimated that people with cardiovascular risk factors are more prone for mortality and intubation. especially obesity, and his is especially true in Saudi Arabia and the region of Hail, where morbid obesity (BMI >30) is at 33.6% of the population. Our aim is to establish an epidemiological link for our population between aspirin use, diabetes, obesity and percentage of intubated patients as we measured mortalities and readmissions in 30 days. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 753 patients admitted as positive COVID 19 patients, from April 1, 2020 to July 31, 2020, covering a period of 4 months. We then categorised the patient in cohorts according to the use of aspirin or not, existence of diabetes or not, and categorised them according to their BMI index. We then correlated using statistical tool analysis - SPSS statistics tool - intubation, mortality, readmittance in 30 days in these groups of patients Results Around 40% of our cases were diabetic. 18% of the diabetic cases intubated, instead of 7% of non DM cases. Mortalities were higher in the diabetic group as percentage (14% to 7%), and readmissions and lower in the aspirin group. Significant correlation between BMI and days of ICU stay Conclusions There is significant morbidity in DM patients with COVID 19, especially morbid obese. Aspirin has statistically significant effects
QTc Prolongation in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Patients Receiving Hydroxycloroquine: A Retrospective Study
M.VlachopoylouE.M.HamissaS.A.AbdAlgaffarG.Chatzis
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.018
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 152
Background and Aims Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, has infected more than 153 million people and led to the death of 3.3 million others. The absence of an effective treatment other than vaccination, has led clinicians in the beginning to redirect drugs that are known to be effective for other medical conditions to its treatment, such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) Our aim is to establish an epidemiological link for our population use of HCQ and elevated QTc prolongation, according to our therapeutic protocol Methods A retrospective cohort study of 753 patients admitted as positive COVID 19 patients, from April 1, 2020 to July 31, 2020, covering a period of 4 months. We then categorised the patient in cohorts accordind to the existence of diabetes melitus or not, and categorised them according to their BMI index. We then correlated using statistical tool analysis - SPSS statistics tool - these groups and QTc prolongation Results Hydroxochloroquine was not associated with QT prolongation or cardiac arrhythmia. Significant correlation between BMI and days of ICU stay Conclusions HCQ had a safe use according to our protocol
Carotid Atherosclerosis Is Not Related to Hepatic Steatosis or Fibrosis in EDICT
OlgaLavrynenkoMD, PhD12MuhammadAbdul-GhaniMD, PhD1RalphDeFronzoMD1
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.019
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 152
The prevalence of NAFLD has increased and is associated with type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. In EDICT (Efficacy and Durability of Initial Combination Therapy) we compared the efficacy of Triple (pioglitazone/ exenatide/ metformin) versus Conventional (metformin, sulfonylurea/ insulin) Therapy in newly diagnosed T2D patients. During EDICT, liver function tests were obtained in all subjects (n=318) at baseline and annually for 6 years. Plasma AST and ALT decreased significantly (p<0.01) with Triple Therapy, but not with Conventional Therapy. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), a well-established measure of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, was obtained at baseline and study end. The increment in CIMT was less in Triple versus Conventional Therapy (+0.005±0.002 vs +0.015±0.002 mm, p<0.0001). EDICT initially was designed for 3 years and subsequently extended to 6 years. 68 patients entered the extension phase and received Fibroscan measurement at study end. 27/39 (69%) Conventional Therapy subjects had grade 2/3 steatosis compared to 9/29 (31%) in Triple Therapy (p=0.0003). 10/39 (26%) Conventional Therapy subjects had grade 3/4 fibrosis versus 2/29 (7%) in Triple Therapy (p=0.04). Severity of hepatic steatosis (CAP), (r=-0.42, p<0.001) and fibrosis (LSM) (r=-0.48, p<0.001) correlated inversely with Matsuda Index of insulin sensitivity. No correlation was observed between CIMT and CAP score (r=0.21, p>0.50) when Triple and Conventional Therapy groups were analyzed collectively (or individually). Similarly, no correlation was observed between CITM versus severity of hepatic fibrosis (r=0.18, p>0.50). CONCLUSION: Severity of atherosclerosis, measured by CIMT, is not related to hepatic steatosis or fibrosis.
NOX Subunit Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Chronic Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
IuliiaAzarovaEkaterinaShkuratElenaKlyosovaAlexeyPolonikov
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.020
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 153
Oxidative stress is a key feature of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD). NADPH oxidase (NOX) is the main producer of reactive oxygen species and therefore genes encoding NOX subunits may contribute to the disease susceptibility. The present study investigated whether polymorphisms of genes encoding cytochrome a (CYBA), Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1) and neutrophil cytosolic factor 4 (NCF4) jointly contribute to the risk for CAD in T2D patients of Central Russia.
Amalgamation of Auto Machine Learning and Ensemble Approaches to Achieve State-of-the-Art Post-Heart Failure Survival Predictions
Ali HaiderBangash12§Ali HaiderShah1§ArshiyaFatima1SaiqaZehra1Syed Mohammad MehmoodAbbas1Hashir FahimKhawaja1MuhammadAshraf3AdilBaloch1
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.021
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 153
Background HF, the underlying cause of a significant proportion of deaths attributed to cardiovascular diseases with diabetes mellitus a universally recognized risk factor. Studies have attested to the significance of early diagnosis and subsequent initiation of treatment as a predictor of PHM. With this context, the current SOTA among auto ML platforms for classification tasks was explored to develop models that accurately, precisely and instantaneously predict PHM. Methods MLjar, the current SOTA among auto ML platforms for classification tasks, was adopted and EA was incorporated to predict PHM in a cohort of 299 HF patients (35% women). The models developed— both: without and with the FUT— using 6 of the time-tested classification algorithms were compared in terms of MCC, F1, ACC and AUROC. Results Upon training without the FUT (scenario 1), an ensemble of RF and NN algorithms achieved the highest AUROC of 89% while predicting PHM. Upon training with the FUT (scenario 2), an ensemble of RF and Llr algorithms exhibited the highest AUROC of 88%. Upon training only with serum creatinine and ejection fraction variables without FUT (scenario 3), an ensemble of RF and Xgboost algorithms achieved an ACC of 80%. The presented models outperformed those developed by Chicco D & Jurman G in all aspects with the exception of the F1 score in scenario 3. Conclusion Adoption of the SOTA auto ML platform and incorporation of EA significantly improve the accuracy and precision of ML models predicting post-HF survival. Such models have the potential to be incorporated into HF management protocols to achieve optimal and instantaneous risk stratification that would potentially translate into a significant decrease in the associated morbidity and mortality.
A Pilot Open-label Study of Aldose Reductase Inhibition with AT-001 (caficrestat) in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Infection: Results from a Registry-based Matched-control Analysis
JuanGaztanagaMDRavichandranRamasamyPhDAnn MarieSchmidtMDGlennFishmanMDShoshanaShendelmanPhDKarthinathanThangaveluPhDRiccardoPerfettiMD, PhDStuart D.KatzMD, MS
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.022
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 153-154
Cardiometabolic disease may confer increased risk of adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients by activation of the aldose reductase pathway, a trigger of the inflammatory cascade. We hypothesized that aldose reductase inhibition with AT-001 (caficrestat) might represent a novel therapeutic approach to reduce viral inflammation and risk of adverse outcomes in diabetic patients with COVID-19.
Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Juice in Hypercolestrolemic Rats Model
Muhammad LuthfiAdnanHilmi ArdianSudartoRaihan LuckyBuanaDimas AgusCholiliAmalia Adityas DyahSafitriTiarRamadhanMiranti DewiPramaningtyas
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.023
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 154
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Avocado (Persea americana Mill) is a popular fruit in tropical countries and has several benefits for health. This study aims to determine the hypocholesterolemic effect of avocado juice on the hypercholesterolemic rats model. Method: The subjects were male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) aged 2-3 months. The rats were divided into 5 groups consisting of negative control (NC), positive control (C), Treatment 1 (P1) with a low-dose of avocado juice (2 ml), Treatment 2 (P2) with moderate-dose (3 ml), and Treatment 3 (P3) with high-dose (4 ml). Groups C, P1, P2, and P3 have induced hypercholesterolemia with 4 ml quail egg yolk for four weeks. Then groups P1, P2, and P3 were given avocado juice for four weeks. All rats were taken plasma samples after hypercholesterolemia induction and intervention with avocado juice to check for total cholesterol levels. All data were statistically analyzed with The One-Way ANOVA test and Bonferroni Post-Hoc test. Values were considered significant at p<0.05. Result: Mean of total cholesterol (nmol/L) after hypercholesterolemia induction in both groups (NC group, C group, P1 group, P2 group, and P3 group) is 2.50±0.01, 5.98±0,09, 5.70±0.08, 5.89±0.05, and 6.06±0.09. After intervention with avocado juice, total cholesterol in both groups is 2.48±0.01, 5.75±0.04, 3.97±0.03, 3.41±0.05, and 2.85±0.06. The One-Way ANOVA test and Bonferroni Post-Hoc test showed significant change (p<0.001). Conclusion: Avocado juice can decrease total cholesterol levels in the hypercholesterolemic rats model.
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Adult HIV-Infected Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A 5-year Prospective Cohort Study
Kevin Sheng-KaiMa
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.024
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 154-155
Adverse effects following long-term use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), such as metabolic syndromes (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), have been reported. We determined whether patients with controlled pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) undergoing HAART are at high risk of long-term adverse effects, compared with HIV-infected patients without DM. In this prospective cohort study that recruited 172 HIV-infected patients, patients were followed up every six months for five years. Data Collection on Adverse Effects of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D), a CVD risk score for HAART, and lab data, were compared between patients with controlled DM and non-DM patients matched on age and gender. HAART was less effective for HIV-infected patients with DM, with a higher plasma HIV RNA load in plasma viral load (PVL) testing (r=0.4868, P=0.0216) since the third year of follow-up. HAART increased the risk of CVDs for DM patients, with higher D:A:D (R) (r=0.1636, P=0.0336) and D:A:D (F) (r=0.1883, P=0.0142) scores at fifth year. DM patients presented with higher risk of advanced stages CKD (GFR<30 mL/min) (r=0.3226, P< 0.0001), with increased creatinine (r=0.5669, P<0.0001) and BUN (r=0.2832, P=0.0009). As of MetS, DM patients had increased waist circumference (r=0.2601, P=0.0006), total cholesterol (CHO) (r=0.2745, P=0.0309), LDL (r=0.1925, P=0.0402), compared to baseline. Even though under controlled status at baseline, DM patients still had higher fasting blood sugar since the third year (r=0.3129, P=0.0002). In conclusion, HAART was less effective in DM patients, and resulted in more subsequent CVDs and renal toxicities; other signs of metabolic syndromes were as well observed.
Relationship Between Circulating Immune Complexes and Diabetes Mellitus in Cardiovascular Disease at Older Patients
Gianina IoanaConstantinCatalina MonicaPenaSimonaOpris
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.025
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 155
Modifications in immunological function may play a role in both the pathogenesis of some types of diabetes as well as its associated complications. Oxidatively modified lipoproteins (LDL ox) and the composition of lipid fatty acids have the ability to induce an immune response that leads to the production of autoantibodies and therefore to the formation of immune complexes containing LDL in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that it contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: In the present study, we determinated oxidatively modified lipoproteins of the circulating immune complexes in two study groups of older patients (aged 71 ± 5 years): a group of patients with CVD (group I) and a group of patients with CVD and type 2 diabetes (group II).
The value of the Left Ventricular Emission Fraction in Patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease with Diabetes Mellitus 2 in the Assessment of the Effectiveness of Sitagliptin/Metformin
TrigulovaD.A.AlimovaN.F.TashkenbaevaF.M.BekmetovaL.T.IlkhamovaSh.S.AkhmedovaA.B.Shek
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.026
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 155
The appointment of a DPP 4 inhibitor in patients with ?AD and DM 2 with moderate ejection fraction (HFmrEF) continues to be studied.
The Relationship Between Glycemia and Heart Failure in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Diabetes Mellitus 2
R.Kh.TrigulovaN.F.TashkenbaevaF.M.BekmetovaD.A.AlimovaL.T.IlkhamovaSh.Sh.MukhtarovaA.B.Shek
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.027
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 155-156
There are differences in the development of heart failure in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), depending on the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) 2.
High Glucose Variability Increases Mortality Risk in Patients with COVID-19
ArauzGuillermoM.D.CameyEduardoM.D.CárcamoAlejandraM.D.CelisGreciaM.D.
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.028
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 156
In patients with COVID 19, with or without history of diabetes, having hyperglycemia is an important factor in mortality; approximately 45.2% of patients with this disease have elevated blood glucose levels. Glucose variability (GV) has also been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in critically ill patients. A patient is considered uncontrolled if he/she has a value above 36%. Objective: To determine whether GV is a prognostic factor for mortality in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Is dyslipidemia associated to mortality in patients with COVID-19?
CelisGreciaM.D.ArauzGuillermoM.D.CameyEduardoM.D.CárcamoAlejandraM.D.
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.029
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 156
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people worldwide, so it is necessary to determine risk factors associated with severe disease and mortality, to make a risk stratification for the appropriate use of hospital resources. Except for a few cases, most deaths from this disease are related to the patient's comorbidities. Several observational studies have reported an association between dyslipidemia and the risk of severe COVID-19 disease, but there is no consensus. Objective: The present study aimed to determine whether there is an association between dyslipidemia and mortality in patients with COVID-19.
EVALUATION OF NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN DIABETES AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A CASE CONTROL STUDY FROM INDIA
SridharMangaleshSharmilaDudaniParasYadavSanjitiPodury
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.030
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 156-157
Systemic inflammation leads to the development of both type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD).
Correlation Between Hemoglobin A1c and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Population with Type II Diabetes Mellitus in the Semaglutide Treatment on Coronary Plaque Progression (STOP) Trial
KhadijeAhmadMDDhiranVergheseMDAprilKinningerMPHSurajDahalMDAhmedGhanemMDVahidRezvanizadehMDVenkat SanjayManuboluMDDenise AlisonJavierMDWillVicunaJrMDAhmed M.ShafterMDLuayAlalawiMDJairo AldanaBitarMD, Ferdinan
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.031
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 157
HbA1c is a biomarker of the presence and severity of diabetes mellitus (DM). High sensitivity serum C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a marker of systemic inflammation. Elevated levels of both have been shown to be independently associated with cardiovascular disease.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADIPONECTIN AND MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS
Mariana Sandoval Terra CamposGuelli12Tulio LoyolaCorrea12
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.032
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 157-158
Adiponectin (AD) is an adipocyte-specific secretory protein that is highly expressed in adipose tissue. AD levels are decreased in patients with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (DM). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between low levels of adiponectin, diabetes and myocardial infarction. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Papers were selected searching PubMed/Medline database in July 2021 using the terms [adiponectin] AND [diabetes] AND [myocardial infarction]. The inclusion criteria were limited to observational studies that evaluated the association between adiponectin index in myocardial infarction among diabetic patients. There were no language or publication date restrictions.Among the 130 papers initially identified, 49 were eligible for this review. AD, inhibits liver gluconeogenesis, displays anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties and promotes peripheral insulin sensitivity. Lower levels of AD are related to a higher risk of myocardial infarction and a worse prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Favorable effects of AD are associated with maintained ischemia-induced angiogenesis, decreased myocyte death, decreased hypertrophic response, reduced interstitial fibrosis and attenuated inflammatory response. It has been suggested that high molecular weight AD is more important for vascular protection. Nevertheless, it is unknown if higher levels of AD are associated with a reduced risk for coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction among diabetic individuals.Although the adiponectin´s pattern of cardioprotection is well stablished, it is still unclear if higher levels are associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction among diabetic individuals.
Biological Basis and Proposed Mechanism of Action of CSL112 (Apolipoprotein A-I [Human]) for Prevention of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients post Myocardial Infarction
Syed Hassan A.KazmiM.D.SergeKorjianM.D.GeraldChiM.D.ArzuKalayciM.D.Jane J.LeePh.D.UsamaTalibM.D.Samuel D.WrightPh.D.DanielleDuffyM.D.Bronwyn A.KingwellPh.D.RoxanaMehranM.D.Paul M.RidkerM.D., M.P.H.; C.
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.033
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 158
Despite current standard of care treatment, the period shortly after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with particularly high residual cardiovascular (CV) risk, with high rates of recurrent AMI and CV death in the first 90 days following the index event. This represents an area of high unmet need which may be potentially addressed by the recent shift in focus away from raising levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), to ones that optimize HDL function. Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is the major protein constituent of HDL and a key mediator of cholesterol efflux from macrophages within atherosclerotic plaque, a property which may convey therapeutic efficacy during the high-risk period. CSL112 is a novel formulation of human plasma-derived apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), reconstituted with phosphatidylcholine and stabilized with sucrose that is currently being evaluated in a phase 3 clinical trial (AEGIS-II) for the reduction of major adverse CV events (MACE) in the period of high-risk post AMI. Patients with diabetes mellitus are especially at high risk of recurrent MI, and are an enriched patient population in the AEGIS-II study. In this presentation, we provide an overview of the biological properties of CSL112 that contribute to its proposed mechanism of action for reducing rates of MACE post AMI. These properties include rapid and robust promotion of cholesterol efflux from cells abundant in atherosclerotic plaque, in addition to anti-inflammatory effects, which together, may have a stabilizing effect on atherosclerotic plaque. We provide a detailed overview of these mechanisms, in addition to information on the composition of CSL112 and how it is manufactured.
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Measurement Assays: A Novel Biomarker of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Function
SergeKorjianMD.Syed Hassan AbbasKazmiMD.GeraldChiM.D.ArzuKalayciM.D.Jane J.LeePh.D.BoZhengAlkaShaunikMDSvetlana A.DiditchenkoPh.D.Bronwyn A.KingwellPh.D.C. MichaelGibsonM.S., M.D.
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.034
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 158
Biomarkers of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function may provide better cardiovascular risk discrimination compared to HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) mass measurements. Cholesterol efflux from macrophages to plasma reflects the first critical step of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and is considered one of the key anti-atherosclerotic functions of HDL. Population-based studies in low and high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) cohorts have consistently demonstrated an inverse relationship between the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of human plasma and death or major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) independent of endogenous HDL-C concentration. Despite the importance of CEC as a biomarker of HDL function and a potential surrogate for clinical outcomes, its measurement has not been standardized to a single, reliable, and reproducible assay. The methodologies to measure CEC vary, often making comparisons between studies difficult. In this presentation, we review the pathways of cholesterol efflux, reverse cholesterol transport, and describe the methodology of measuring CEC ex vivo and the findings linking CEC to human disease.
Triglyceride-glucose Index (TyG) is Positively Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Tulio LoyolaCorreaMariana Sandoval Terra CamposGuelliIsabel Oliveirade Oliveira
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.035
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 158-159
Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index may be a useful and affordable indicator of insulin resistance in the general population. Insulin resistance is strongly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Evaluation of Optimal Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration for High-Risk Patients with Diabetes Following PCI
HaoyuWangKefeiDou
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.036
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 159
The efficacy and safety of prolonged (>1-year) dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration in high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain unknown. All patients undergoing PCI at Fuwai hospital between January 2013 and December 2013 were prospectively enrolled into the Fuwai PCI registry. A total of 3,696 high-risk diabetics patients with at least one additional atherothrombotic risk factor were screened for inclusion. The primary efficacy outcome was the composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, or stroke. The median follow-up duration was 887 days. 69.8% of DM patients were on DAPT at 1 year without discontinuation. Based on multivariate Cox regression model and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis, long-term (>1-year) DAPT reduced the risk of primary efficacy outcome (1.7% vs 4.1%; adjusted hazard ratio [adjHR]: 0.382, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.252 to 0.577; IPTW-HR: 0.362 [0.241 to 0.542]), as well as cardiovascular death and definite/probable stent thrombosis, compared with short-course (? 1-year) DAPT. Risk of the safety end point of clinically relevant bleeding (adjHR: 0.920 [0.467 to 1.816]; IPTW-HR: 0.969 [0.486 to 1.932]) was comparable between longer DAPT and shorter DAPT. A lower number of net clinical benefit adverse outcomes was observed with >1year DAPT versus ? 1-year DAPT (adjHR: 0.471 [0.331 to 0.671]; IPTW-HR: 0.462 [0.327 to 0.652]), which appeared increasingly favorable in those with multiple atherothrombotic risk characteristics. In high-risk patients with DM receiving PCI who were event free at 1 year, DAPT prolongation resulted in significant reduction in the risk of ischemic events not offset by increase of clinically meaningful bleeding events, thereby achieving a net clinical benefit. Extending DAPT beyond the period mandated by guidelines seems reasonable in high-risk DM patients not deemed at high bleeding risk.
New insights into optimal duration of DAPT for high-risk "TWILIGHT-like" patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing PCI: a focus on diabetes mellitus as a high-risk patient group
HaoyuWangKefeiDou
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.037
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 159-160
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are known to be at high-risk for both ischemic and bleeding complications post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The ischemic benefit vs. bleeding risk associated with extended dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in high-risk "TWILIGHT-like" patients with diabetes mellitus after PCI has not been established.
Efficacy and Safety of Finerenone in Patients with CKD and T2D by GLP-1RA Treatment
PeterRossingMD12RajivAgarwalMD, MS3Stefan D.AnkerMD4GerasimosFilippatosMD1234BertramPittMD1234Luis M.RuilopeMD1234AslamAmodMD1234MichelMarreMD1234AmerJosephMBBS1234AndreaLageMD1234CharlieScott1234George L.Bakris1234
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.038
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 160
Finerenone is a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that significantly reduces risk of kidney and CV outcomes in patients with CKD and T2D. GLP-1RAs have also been shown to improve CV outcomes in patients with T2D. Mechanisms of action of finerenone and GLP-1RAs are largely independent but their combined effects are unknown. We report outcomes from the FIDELIO-DKD trial in patients by GLP-1RA treatment.
Finerenone in Patients with CKD and T2D by SGLT-2i Treatment: An Analysis of the FIDELIO-DKD Study
PeterRossingMD12RajivAgarwalMD, MS3Stefan D.AnkerMD4GerasimosFilippatosMD1234BertramPittMD1234Luis M.RuilopeMD1234JulianaChanMD1234AdriaanKooyMD1234KieranMcCaffertyMD1234GuntramSchernthanerMD1234ChristophWanne1234
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.039
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 160-161
The selective, nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone was investigated in FIDELIO-DKD in patients with CKD and T2D (NCT02540993). Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) are recommended for CKD in T2D to reduce risk of CKD progression. We report a predefined exploratory analysis of patients by SGLT-2i use.
Ecg Features of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abdul-RahmanToufikAlbinaZharkovaWireko AndrewAwuah
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.040
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 161
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAD) is associated with a poor cardiac prognosis, particularly with an increased risk of sudden death in diabetic patients. A lengthening of the QT interval and alteration of the QT dispersion have been reported in patients with diabetic CAD as well as increased sympathetic activity confirmed by the heart rate variability (HRV) assessment.
Association Between C-reactive Protein and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Young Adults
Tulio LoyolaCorreaGustavo DiasFerreiraBruno PereiraNunesIsabel Oliveirade Oliveira
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.041
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 161
Metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic diseases have been linked to chronic subclinical inflammation. However, few studies have investigated the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) and cardiometabolic diseases in young individuals.
Newer Treatments and Glycemic Control in US Adults With Diabetes Across Risk Groups, Sex, and Ethnicity: The NIH Precision Medicine Initiative (All Of Us Study)
DivyaDevineniMeleekaAkbarpourYufanGongNathan D.Wong
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.042
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 162
Objective: There are limited data on the extent of evidence-based SGLT2is and GLP1-RAs among real-world cohorts of patients with DM. We examined the use of these therapies and glycemic control among current US adults with DM by risk groups, sex, and ethnicity.
Importance of trial design when investigating cardiorenal outcomes in patients with CKD and T2D: Focus on CREDENCE and FIDELIO-DKD
RajivAgarwal1Stefan D.Anker2GerasimosFilippatos12BertramPitt12PeterRossing12Luis M.Ruilope12JohnBoletis12RobertToto12Guillermo E.Umpierrez12ChristophWanner12TakashiWada12CharlieScott12AmerJoseph12IkeOgbaa12LukeRo12
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.043
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 162
Recent trials investigating novel therapies in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) include the randomized, placebo-controlled phase III FIDELIO-DKD and CREDENCE studies of finerenone (selective, nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) and canagliflozin (sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor), respectively. This analysis investigated how differences in trial design between FIDELIO-DKD and CREDENCE influence the treatment effects of the two drugs.
High Glucose Suppresses Cardiomyocyte Progenitor Cell Regenerative Capacity and the Role of miR-195/EZH2 Crosstalk in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
PranavMellacheruvuBS1ProgyaparamitaSahaPhD2Sameer AhmadGuruPhD2RachanaMishraPhD2SudhishSharmaPhD2SunjayKaushalMD, PhD12
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.044
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 162-163
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with a five-fold increase in congenital heart defects. It is critical to determine the effects of GDM in vivo and high glucose in vitro on neonatal cardiomyocyte progenitor cell (nCPCs) regenerative capacity. We sought to investigate the roles of Mir-195 and its hypothesized target gene, EZH2 in GDM.
Effect of elevated plasma ketones on cardiac efficiency
CarolinaSolis-HerreraMDYuejuanQinMDHenriHonkaMD PhDGoeffreyClarkePhDCurtisTriplittPharmDEugenioCersosimoMD PhDRalphDeFronzoMD
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.045
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 163
The mechanism(s) responsible for the cardiac benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors remain unknown.
Features of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with comorbidity of non-alcoholic fatty disease and hypertension
AnastasiiaRozhdestvenskaNataliaZhelezniakova
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.046
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 163-164
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 25% of adults. Considerable attention is paid to the NAFLD and hypertension (HT) comorbidity. Carbohydrate metabolism indicators in patients with NAFLD allow to assess the negative effects of the comorbid course of NAFLD and HT.
Evaluation of the beneficial effect of metformin on clinical indicators of heart failure patients with coronary artery disease and impaired glucose tolerance within a 12-month follow-up
B.KurmanbekovaA.NoruizbaevaG.OsmankulovaA.Rustambekova
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.047
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 164
Taking into account evident interrelation between chronic heart failure (CHF) and carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD), hyperglycemia correction should also mitigate adverse metabolic effects on the course of CHF, improving the quality of life (QOL) and prognosis. To date, there are several clinical observational and experimental studies on the cardioprotective properties of metformin. No randomized clinical trials currently available.
Patients affected by Type 2 Diabetes & Atrial fibrillation with history of systolic heart failure have a higher risk for cardiogenic shock & death during hospitalization.
MichaelFatuyiLeannePereiraVahidNamdarizandiAwfaZainElabidinVivekSharmaAsimulAnsariKamalShemisa
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.048
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 164
Several studies show a strong correlation between diabetes (DM) & atrial fibrillation (AF). Similarly, heart failure (HF) is associated among patients with AF. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of systolic (SHF) vs diastolic heart failure (DHF) on clinical outcomes in patients with concomitant AF & DM.
Statin and Icosapent Ethyl Use and Lipid Control in US Adults with Diabetes According to DM Risk Groups, Sex and Ethnicity in the NIH Precision Medicine Initiative All of Us Study
MeleekaAkbarpourDivyaDevineniYufanGongNathan D.Wong
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.049
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 164-165
Data on statin therapy intensity and icosapent ethyl use among adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) are limited. We studied statin intensity and icosapent ethyl use with lipid levels among US adults with DM across risk groups, sex and ethnicity.
A study The Effect of Energy Restriction Diet and Phenolic acids Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Adults
FaisalAliFaisalAliaAliSaleh
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.050
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 165
Poor obesity control is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes complications. Reducing body weight with pharmacotherapy can be challenging. This study aims to explore the effect of energy restriction diet (ERD) and Phenolic acids (PAs) Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Adults.
Transcriptomic autophagy-related gene signature investigation for type 2 diabetes in Mediterranean subjects
Ignacio M.Gimenez-Alba12OscarColtell23RebecaFernandez-Carrión12José V.Sorlí12Eva M.Asensio12Eva C.Pascual1CarolinaOrtega-Azorín12DoloresCorella12
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.051
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 165-166
Autophagy (involving degradation and clearance of damaged organelles and compounds) plays a role in type 2 diabetes (T2D). There are three main types of autophagy and several genes involved. These genes have been well studied in animal models, but there are few transcriptomic studies in humans. Our aim is to analyze the differential gene expression, and the functional enrichment of the main autophagy-related genes (ARG) in T2D subjects from a Mediterranean population
Prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation and Its Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and NASH
LeannePereiraMichaelFatuyiVahidNamdarizandiAwfa ZainElabidinVivekSharmaKamalShemisa
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.052
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 166
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are associated with increased cardiovascular disease and are independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of AF and its impact on clinical outcomes and overall healthcare burden among patients with concomitant T2DM and NASH.
Rate of 30-Day Readmission and Economic Burden in Patients With Underlying Metabolic Syndrome Admitted for Atrial Fibrillation
LeannePereiraMichaelFatuyiVahidNamdarizandiAwfa ZainElabidinVivekSharmaKamalShemisa
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.053
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 166-167
Studies have demonstrated an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with underlying metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, no studies examining readmission rates in this population exists to date. Further, impact on mortality and healthcare utilization in this group after readmission remains unknown.
SGLT-2 inhibitors in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a systematic review
Pedro ToscanoPafferIsabelly Regina Bezerra de AlbuquerqueCortezMarcelo Danilo Damasso LisboaCostaMaria Rosália da CostaNetaMarina Lins Tavares PedrozaMonteiroMatheus ToscanoPafferVitória Maria TerraLopesSilvio Hock de PafferFilho
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.054
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 167
The use of a sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitor 2 (ISGLT2) in patients with heart failure (HF) has been beneficial, being evidenced in large studies.
Prehospital Delay and its Impact on 30 days Outcomes in patients with Myocardial Infarction in Alshaab teaching hospital, Khartoum November2020-April 2021
Anab M.JabirElfatih A.HasaboGhassan E.AhmedMohammed A.AbdallaMohammed H.OmerAzzam M.AhmedAhmed AASulimanFACP, FESC
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.055
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 167
Ischemic heart diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide, Prehospital delay associated with increased mortality and poorer outcome. This study aimed to determine whether particular patient's characteristics are associated with delays in seeking care, it also determined the impact of the delay on in-hospital outcomes, 30 days’ outcomes, and the cardiac functional status for patients after 30 days of their disease.
Patients Admitted with Metabolic Syndrome and Atrial Fibrillation Have Greater Risk of Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Clinical Outcomes
LeannePereiraMichaelFatuyiAwfa ZainElabidinVahidNamdarizandiVivekSharmaBelalKaseerKamalShemisa
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.056
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 167-168
The prevalence of both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are on the rise. Studies investigating the association between MetS and AF on clinical outcomes remains limited.
The Adherence of Primary Care Providers to the cardiovascular protection in patients with the debut of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
DudkaOlgaGuryevaVictoriaZhonkabayevaDianaKystaubayevaDinaraSheryazdanovaDinaraVassilyevaNatalya
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.057
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 168
The major cause of death in patients with T2DM is major adverse negative cardiovascular events, consequently, hypoglycemic therapy with a cardioprotective effect has an advantage over other oral hypoglycemic agents. Primary care providers often demonstrate clinical inertia in managing patients with the onset of T2DM, underestimating their cardiovascular risk.
Cardiometabolic Center of Excellence: Analysis of Two-year Outcomes
YasserSammourMDMichaelNassifMDPreethamGuntaMDFengmingTangMSMelissaMagwireRN MSN CDEJames HO'KeefeMDMikhailKosiborodMD
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.058
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 168-169
Cardiovascular and kidney complications of T2D are increasing, in part due to suboptimal implementation of guideline-directed therapies. The Saint Luke's Haverty Cardiometabolic Center (CMC) of Excellence implements team-based, patient-centered approach focused on comprehensive risk reduction for patients with T2D and CVD, including use of cardioprotective agents such as GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i. We assessed outcomes during the first two years of CMC.
Influence of Prediabetes on Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden Assessed by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA).
Venkat SanjayManuboluDhiranVergheseLuayAlalawiAprilKinningerFrancescaCalicchioKhadijeAhmadAhmedGhanemVahidRezvanizadehDenise A.JavierWillVacunaJrIlana S.GolubOrly G.TermeieLucia P.SchroederStephanieKristoSionRoy
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.059
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 169
According to CDC there are 88.0 million Americans aged 18 years or older with prediabetes. Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. The relationship between prediabetes and coronary atherosclerosis is not well established. We evaluated the association between prediabetes and coronary atherosclerosis and compared it to non-diabetic population.
Diabetes Related Foot And Lower Limb Complications And Quality of Foot Care Among Adult Diabetic Patients Attending Abdallah Khalil Diabetes Center, Khartoum State, Sudan 2020/2021
Omnia Merghani TagEl-sied Ahmed
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.060
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 169-170
Diabetic foot complications result in substantial morbidity and mortality, fortunately they can be prevented. Our study measured the frequency of patient-reported diabetes-related foot problems and foot self-care practices among diabetic patients attending Abdallah Khalil Diabetes Center, Khartoum state, Sudan.
Association of Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) and Duration of Diabetes Mellitus in the STOP (Semaglutide Treatment on Coronary Plaque Progression) Randomized Control Trial
DhiranVergheseVenkat SanjayManuboluLuayAlalawiAprilKinningerKhadijeAhmadAhmedShafterDenise AlisonJavierDivyaAbrahamAnnaLaskovaAhmedGhanemNnennaUzodiAmitJohanisNicoleNishimeIlanaGolubSajadHamalFredFloresChris
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.061
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 170
Cardio?ankle vascular index(CAVI) is a novel index that measures arterial stiffness noninvasively. Recent studies demonstrated CAVI to be a predictor for coronary artery disease(CAD). Patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus(DM) develop arterial stiffening which contributes to the CAD complications associated with DM. However, a comprehensive assessment of the association of CAVI and DM has not been reported.
Association of plaque type with insulin resistance estimated by HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance).
LuayAlalawiAprilKinningerVenkat SanjayManuboluDhiranVergheseKhadijeAhmadAhmedShafterSionRoyMatthewBudoff
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.062
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 170
Previous studies have reported that insulin resistance plays an important role in the burden of atherosclerosis. However, only limited studies have evaluated the association between the type of plaque and insulin resistance. HOMA-IR is the method used to assess ?-cell function and insulin resistance using fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels.
Association of olfatory dysfunction with plasma lipids and blood pressure in a high cardiovascular risk population: sex-specific analysis
RebecaFernández-Carrión12Ignacio M.Gimenez-Alba12OscarColtell23Jose V.Sorlí12OlgaPortolés12AndreaAlvarez-Sala1Jose I.González12D.Corella12
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.063
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 170-171
Impaired sense of smell is a predictor of morbidity and mortality, including cardiovascular diseases. Likewise, several studies have reported sex-specific associations between olfactory function and cardiometabolic measures including plasma lipids and blood pressure. Thus, in a representative sample of US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study, olfactory dysfunction was associated with significantly higher total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C among older men, but significantly lower TC among older women. However, considering that more studies in diverse population are needed, our aim was to analyze the association between the olfactory dysfunction and plasma lipids and blood pressure in older European subjects at high cardiovascular risk.
Feautures of perioperative period of high-risk patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
OlenaGogayevaAnatoliiRudenkoVasylLazoryshynetsLiudmylaDzakhoieva
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.064
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 171
to analyze perioperative period for patients with CAD and Diabetes mellitus (DM).
Postprandial inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in adolescents with obesity and insulin resistance
SiobhanWilsonVictoriaHigginsKhosrowAdeli
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.065
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 171-172
Postprandial dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and inflammatory and metabolic markers are implicated in its pathogenesis. We hypothesize that the postprandial inflammatory and metabolic profiles of adolescents with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) is dysregulated and more informative to the pathogenesis of postprandial dyslipidemia than at fasting.
Diabetes-related Foot and Lower Limb Complications and Foot Self-Care Practices in Khartoum, Sudan: A Cross-sectional Study
Omnia M. TagElseedIbrahim S.Al-BusaidiTibyan A.Abdallah
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.066
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 172
Diabetic foot complications are major health problems with substantial morbidity and mortality. Our study measured the frequency of patient-reported diabetes-related foot problems and foot self-care practices among Sudanese individuals with diabetes.
COVID-19 prevention with subcutaneous administration of the monoclonal antibodies casirivimab and imdevimab: Subgroup analysis in participants with cardiovascular disease and diabetes
Meagan P.O'BrienMD1EduardoForleo-NetoMD1Bret J.MusserPhD1FlonzaIsaMD1Kuo-ChenChanPhD1NeenaSarkarPhD1Katharine J.BarMD2Ruanne V.BarnabasMD3Dan H.BarouchMD, PhD4Myron S.CohenMD5Mary A.MarovichMD6PeijieHouPhD1IngeborgHeirmanPhD1John D.DavisPhD1Kenneth C.TurnerPhD1DivyaRameshPhD1AdnanMahmoodMD1LisaPurcellPhD1Andrea T.HooperPhD1Jennifer D.HamiltonPhD1YunjiKimPharmD1AlinaBaumPhD1Christos A.KyratsousPhD1JamesKrainsonMD, CPI, RPSGT7RichardPerez-PerezMD8RizwanaMohseniDO9BariKowalMS1A. ThomasDiCioccioPhD1NeilStahlPhD1LeahLipsichPhD1NedBraunsteinMD1GaryHermanMD1George D.YancopoulosMD, PhD1David M.WeinreichMD1for theCOVID-19 Phase 3 Prevention Trial Team
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.067
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 172-173
In a Phase 3 prevention trial, the monoclonal antibody combination casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN-COVTM) administered subcutaneously (SC) prevented symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic adults/adolescents living in the same household as a SARS-CoV-2-infected individual (index case). Individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or diabetes are at increased risk of moderate/severe COVID-19.
The Phenomenon of Metformin in COVID-19 Pandemic Among Polish Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
BeataMrozikiewicz-RakowskaDanielBa?utPatrycja Ma?gorzataB?kMarcinKleibertJakubZieli?ski
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.068
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 173
The aim was to compare the metabolic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and assess its impact on cardiovascular risk.
Osteopontin in patients with metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment
M.V.MatveevaY.G.SamoilovaO.A.OleinikK.R.RatkinaO.S.TonkikhD.V.Podchinenova
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.069
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 173-174
Metabolic syndrome is associated with dysmetabolic and proinflammatory pathophysiological mechanisms, which lead to cognitive impairment. Evaluation of the effect of osteopontin as a predictor of these changes with the analysis of the neuroimaging pattern of the brain is of interest.
Type 1 diabetes and oxidative stress markers
WidadSobhi12RaniaDerguine1SalihaBoucheffa1AbdelhalimKhenchouche1NadaBoutrid3HakimRahmoune3MouniraAmrane3
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.070
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 174
Oxidative stress is associated with numerous chronic inflammatory diseases. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), oxidative stress is involved in various complications and might be among the probable causes. In this study, we assessed some markers of oxidative stress and their relationship with the course of T1D.
Nigella sativa for the management of hyperglycaemia and dyslipidemia
WidadSobhi12Rachda AmelTachour1NadaBoutrid3HakimRahmoune3MouniraAmrane3PierreDuez4
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.071
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 174
This study investigated the effect of neutral lipids of Nigella sativa seed on hyperglycemia and serum lipid status in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin (N/STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
The “Great Wave”: Childhood Obesity and Overweight
N.Boutrid12M.Amrane1H.Rahmoune12
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.072
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 174-175
Obesity was declared a real epidemic by the World Health Organization (WHO); and is still on the rise; especially in childhood.
ASSESSMENT OF ARTERIAL RIGIDITY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDED IN A CARDIOLOGY SERVICE
Matheus ToscanoPafferCamila Santiagode CastroVitória Maria TerraLopesNatália Caminha Freirede AlbuquerqueKamille Didier MeloAlmeidaSilvio Hock PafferFilho
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.073
Volume 242, December 2021, Page 175
Arterial stiffness is a complex phenomenon characterized by decreased compliance of the great arteries. In diabetes, the arterial wall undergoes a series of biomechanical changes, which can result in arterial stiffness. The mechanisms of these structural and functional arterial alterations in diabetes include insulin resistance, collagen accumulation due to inadequate enzymatic glycation, endothelial and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Increased arterial stiffness is a marker of cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.
Connection between Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Overall Mortality in Individuals with Suicidal Ideation: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
SriBanerjeeMD, PhD, FACEDavidRichardsonPhD
doi : 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.179
Volume 242, December 2021, Pages 175-176
Heart Failure hospitalizations and readmissions continue to rise due to many factors, including increased prevalence of the disease, lack of guideline directed therapy, and lack of patient adherence. The precise contributory relationship of diabetes and congestive heart failure (CHF) is poorly understood.
