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Balancing Benefits and Risks: Do Inhaled Corticosteroids Modify the Lung Microbiome?
Shivani Singh 1, Alexa A. Pragman 2, and Leopoldo N. Segal 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202109-2024ed
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1117–1119
Transpulmonary Pressure to Guide Mechanical Ventilation: Art or Science?
V. Marco Ranieri 1, Tommaso Tonetti 1, and Stefano Nava 2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202109-2116ed
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1120–1121
Endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: A Light at the End of the Tunnel?
Daniel-Costin Marinescu 1,2 and Christopher J. Ryerson 1,2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1899ed
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1122–1124
In Case of Invasive Nodule, Break Ground Glass
Charles A. Powell
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1985ed
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1124–1126
Intermittent Hypoxemia and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Manifestations of Immature Respiratory Control and the Preterm Lung
Juliann M. Di Fiore 1,2, Richard J. Martin 1,2, and Thomas M. Raffay 1,2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202109-2077ed
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1126–1127
Of Mice and Babies: PHOX2B and Obstructive Apneas in Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome
Mateus Ramos Amorim 1, Raouf Amin 2,3, and Vsevolod Y. Polotsky 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1989ed
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1128–1130
Characterization of Air Pollution Exposures as Risk Factors for Tuberculosis Infection
J. Lucian Davis 1,2,3 and William Checkley 4,5
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202107-1795ed
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1130–1131
Use of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide to Guide the Treatment of Asthma: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Sumita B. Khatri , Jonathan M. Iaccarino , Amisha Barochia , Israa Soghier , Praveen Akuthota , Anna Brady , Ronina A. Covar , Jason S. Debley , Zuzana Diamant , Anne M. Fitzpatrick , David A. Kaminsky , Show All...
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202109-2093st
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. e97–e109
The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) test is a point-of-care test that is used in the assessment of asthma.
Effects of Inhaled Corticosteroid/Long-Acting ?2-Agonist Combination on the Airway Microbiome of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (DISARM)
Fernando Sergio Leitao Filho 1,2, Hiroto Takiguchi 1,2,3, Kentaro Akata 1,2,4, Seung Won Ra 1,2,5, Ji-Yong Moon 1,2,6, Hyun Kuk Kim 1,2,7, Yuji Cho 1,2,8, Kei Yamasaki 1,2,9, Stephen Milne 1,2,10, Julia Yang 1,2, Cheng Wei Tony Yang 1,2, Xuan Li 1,2, Corey Nislow 11, Stephan F. van Eeden 1,2, Tawimas Shaipanich 1,2, Stephen Lam 1,2,12, Janice M. Leung 1,2, and Don D. Sin 1,2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202102-0289oc
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1143–1152
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are commonly prescribed with long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To date, the effects of ICS therapy on the airway microbiome in COPD are unknown.
Effect of Esophageal Pressure–guided Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Survival from Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Risk-based and Mechanistic Reanalysis of the EPVent-2 Trial
Todd Sarge 1, Elias Baedorf-Kassis 2, Valerie Banner-Goodspeed 1, Victor Novack 3, Stephen H. Loring 1, Michelle N. Gong 4, Deborah Cook 5, Daniel Talmor 1, and Jeremy R. Beitler 6; for the EPVent-2 Study Group
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202009-3539oc
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1153–1163
In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may depend on the extent to which multiorgan dysfunction contributes to risk of death, and the precision with which PEEP is titrated to attenuate atelectrauma without exacerbating overdistension.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography for the Microscopic Diagnosis of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
Sreyankar Nandy 1,2,3*, Rebecca A. Raphaely 1,3*, Ashok Muniappan 3,4, Angela Shih 3,5, Benjamin W. Roop 1,2, Amita Sharma 3,6, Colleen M. Keyes 1,3, Thomas V. Colby 7, Hugh G. Auchincloss 3,4, Henning A. Gaissert 3,4, Michael Lanuti 3,4, Christopher R. Morse 3,4, Harald C. Ott 3,4, John C. Wain 3,4,8, Cameron D. Wright 3,4, Maria L. Garcia-Moliner 9, Maxwell L. Smith 7, Paul A. VanderLaan 3,10, Sarita R. Berigei 1,2, Mari Mino-Kenudson 3,5, Nora K. Horick 3,11, Lloyd L. Liang 1, Diane L. Davies 4, Margit V. Szabari 1,2,3, Peter Caravan 3,12,13, Benjamin D. Medoff 1,3 Andrew M. Tager 1,3†, Melissa J. Suter 1,2,3, and Lida P. Hariri 1,2,3,5
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202104-0847oc
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1164–1179
Early, accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) informs prognosis and therapy, especially in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Current diagnostic methods are imperfect. High-resolution computed tomography has limited resolution, and surgical lung biopsy (SLB) carries risks of morbidity and mortality. Endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT) is a low-risk, bronchoscope-compatible modality that images large lung volumes in vivo with microscopic resolution, including subpleural lung, and has the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy of bronchoscopy for ILD diagnosis.
Multiomics Analysis Reveals Distinct Immunogenomic Features of Lung Cancer with Ground-Glass Opacity
Kezhong Chen 1*, Jing Bai 2*, Alexandre Reuben 3, Heng Zhao 1, Guannan Kang 1, Chunliu Zhang 2, Qingyi Qi 4, Yaping Xu 2, Shawna Hubert 3,5, Lianpeng Chang 2, Yanfang Guan 2,6, Lin Feng 7, Kai Zhang 8, Kaitai Zhang 7, Xin Yi 2,6, Xuefeng Xia 2, Shujun Cheng 7, Fan Yang 1‡, Jianjun Zhang 3,5‡, and Jun Wang 1‡
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202101-0119oc
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1180–1192
Ground-glass opacity (GGO)-associated lung cancers are common and radiologically distinct clinical entities known to have an indolent clinical course and superior survival, implying a unique underlying biology. However, the molecular and immune characteristics of GGO-associated lung nodules have not been systemically studied.
Association between Intermittent Hypoxemia and Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants
Erik A. Jensen 1, Robin K. Whyte 2, Barbara Schmidt 1,3, Dirk Bassler 4, Nestor E. Vain 5,6, and Robin S. Roberts 3; for the Canadian Oxygen Trial Investigators
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202105-1150oc
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1192–1199
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia increases the risk of disability in extremely preterm infants. Although the pathophysiology remains uncertain, prior exposure to intermittent hypoxemia may play a role in this relationship.
Obstructive Apneas in a Mouse Model of Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome
Amélia Madani 1*, Gabriel Pitollat 2*, Eléonore Sizun 1, Laura Cardoit 2, Maud Ringot 1, Thomas Bourgeois 1, Nelina Ramanantsoa 1, Christophe Delclaux 1,3, Stéphane Dauger 1,4, Marie-Pia d’Ortho 1,5, Muriel Thoby-Brisson 2, Jorge Gallego 1, and Boris Matrot 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202104-0887oc
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1200–1210
Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is characterized by life-threatening sleep hypoventilation and is caused by PHOX2B gene mutations, most frequently the PHOX2B27Ala/+ mutation, with patients requiring lifelong ventilatory support. It is unclear whether obstructive apneas are part of the syndrome.
Indoor Air Pollution and Susceptibility to Tuberculosis Infection in Urban Vietnamese Children
Robert J. Blount 1, Ha Phan 2,3, Trang Trinh 2,3, Hai Dang 2,3, Cindy Merrifield 2,4,5, Michael Zavala 1, Joseph Zabner 1, Alejandro P. Comellas 1, Emma M. Stapleton 1, Mark R. Segal 6, John Balmes 4,7*, Nguyen Viet Nhung 2,8, and Payam Nahid 2,4,5
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202101-0136oc
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1211–1221
The Southeast Asian tuberculosis burden is high, and it remains unclear if urban indoor air pollution in this setting is exacerbating the epidemic.
Pulmonary Involvement in Sweet’s Syndrome
Ravi Manglani 1, Nargis Jilani 2, Mohammad Raji 2, and Oleg Epelbaum 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202012-4500im
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1222–1223
“Did You Leave the Wire in?” A Striking Case of Linear Pulmonary Cement Embolism
Shishir Rao 1, Madhav Chopra 2, and Swathy Puthalapattu 2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202010-3985im
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. e110–e112
Simulation of Ventilator Allocation in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19
Sivasubramanium V. Bhavani 1*, Yuan Luo 2*, William D. Miller 3, Lazaro N. Sanchez-Pinto 2, Xuan Han 3, Chengsheng Mao 2, Burhaneddin Sand?kç? 4, Monica E. Peek 3, Craig M. Coopersmith 1, Kelly N. Michelson 2, and William F. Parker 3‡
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1453le
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1224–1227
Machine Learning–based Sleep Staging in Patients with Sleep Apnea Using a Single Mandibular Movement Signal
Nhat-Nam Le-Dong 1*, Jean-Benoit Martinot 2,3*‡, Nathalie Coumans 2, Valérie Cuthbert 2, Renaud Tamisier 4,5, Sébastien Bailly 4,5, and Jean-Louis Pépin 4,5
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202103-0680le
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1227–1231
Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Improved Clinical Outcomes in a Patient with N1303K-CFTR Based on In Vitro Experimental Evidence
Yunjie Huang 1*, Grace Paul 2*, Jesun Lee 1*, Sunitha Yarlagadda 1, Karen McCoy 2, and Anjaparavanda P. Naren 1‡
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202101-0090le
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1231–1235
Can N3 Period Duration Serve as a Predictor of Cognitive Dysfunction?
Zhenzhen Zheng 1*, Riken Chen 2,3,4,5*, Cheng Hong 2,3,4,5, Jianmin Lu 2,3,4,5, Chunying Zhuang 2,3,4,5, Haimin Liu 2,3,4,5, Yue Zhong 2,3,4,5*, and Nuofu Zhang 2,3,4,5‡
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202105-1231le
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1235–1236
Reply to Zheng et al.
Ina E. Djonlagic 1*, Meng Guo 2, Moroke Igue 1, Divya Kishore 1, Robert Stickgold 1, and Atul Malhotra 3
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1414le
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. 1236–1237
Pulmonary Hypertension in Children Part 1: Causes and Symptoms
Natalie Villafranco , Nidhy Varghese , Marianna Sockrider , Erin Ely , and Elizabeth Neptune
doi : 10.1164/rccm.20410p16
Volume 204, Issue 10, PP. P17–P18
