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Points of attention when conducting etiological research
Vianda S. Stel,Nicholas C. Chesnaye,Giovanni Tripepi,Friedo W. Dekker,Carmine Zoccali,Kitty J. Jager,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13875
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 701-707
Epidemiological studies often aim to investigate the causal contribution of a risk factor to a disease or other outcome. In etiological research, one is usually interested in the (biological) mechanism(s) underlying the studied relationship. Inappropriate conduct of an etiological study may have major implications for the correctness of the results and interpretation of the findings. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to describe step by step how etiological research should be carried out, together with its ?common pitfalls. These steps involve finding and formulating a well-defined etiological research question, choosing an appropriate study design including a suitable comparison group, adequate modelling, and adequate reporting and interpretation of the results.
Recent research progress on the role of ulinastatin in chronic kidney disease
Xuejiao Wei,Xiaoyu Zhu,Lili Jiang,Mengtuan Long,Yujun Du,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13906
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 708-714
With the continuous improvement in living standards, lifestyle changes and ageing of the population, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased significantly, and its prevention and treatment have become important public health issues worldwide. Renal fibrosis is the main pathological basis of CKD progression to end-stage renal disease. Preventing the progression of renal fibrosis has always been the focus of clinical and scientific research. Ulinastatin is a serine protease inhibitor that is found in human blood and urine and inhibits the inflammatory response, regulates immunity and improves the microcirculation. It is widely used in patients with sepsis and septic shock in clinical practice. Recent studies have shown that ulinastatin can also play an important anti-fibrotic and organ protective role and can provide a new therapeutic hope for CKD patients. This review mainly introduced the research progress of UTI in inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, acute kidney injury and renal fibrosis. By investigating the role of ulinastatin in CKD, we can determine the possible mechanisms for its renal protection and improvement of renal fibrosis, so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of CKD.
Incidence and predictors of vascular events following end-stage kidney disease in childhood
Amelia K. Le Page,Sean E. Kennedy,Anne Durkan,Swasti Chaturvedi,Amanda Walker,Matthew P. Sypek,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13886
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 715-724
Cardiovascular death is a leading cause of mortality in paediatric end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). There is however little known about the clinically relevant vascular disease in this population. We aimed to describe the incidence of new onset vascular disease and vascular death in Australian children receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT). We also aimed to identify demographic or childhood risk factors for these endpoints, and whether vascular disease predicts mortality.
Misclassification of calcium status in end-stage kidney disease using albumin-adjusted calcium levels
Mandy M. Law,Joel D. Smith,Hans G. Schneider,Scott Wilson,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13910
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 725-732
Albumin-adjusted calcium remains widely used in clinical practice with guidelines for chronic kidney disease (CKD) mineral bone disorder recommending the use of serum calcium for monitoring. This is despite ionized calcium being the biologically active fraction. This study aimed to investigate the ability of total calcium and albumin-adjusted calcium to correctly assign calcium status in stage 5/5D CKD across non-dialysis, haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.
Conversion from Aranesp® to NESP® in dialysis patients—Exploration of dosing strategies and the feasibility of extending the dosing interval
Maggie M. Y. Mok,Lorraine P. Y. Kwan,Gary C. W. Chan,Maggie K. M. Ma,Angela Y. M. Wang,Desmond Y. H. Yap,Cindy B. Y. Choy,Sydney C. W. Tang,Tak Mao Chan,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13882
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 733-741
Darbepoetin alpha is available as Aranesp® and NESP®, which differ in the inactive component and maximum dose-strength of prefilled syringes. We conducted an observational cohort study to investigate optimal conversion strategies and the feasibility of extending dosing intervals with higher-dose preparations in dialysis patients converting from Aranesp® to NESP®.
Rapid re-transplantation safety following early kidney graft loss
Diana Rodríguez-Espinosa,José Jesús Broseta,Evelyn Hermida,Elena Cuadrado,Elena Guillén-Olmos,Enrique Montagud-Marrahi,Fritz Diekmann,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13907
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 742-747
Early graft loss is a devastating kidney transplant complication associated with high mortality and an increased risk of sensitization to antigens from the failed graft. Moreover, if rapid re-transplantation were to occur, given that the human leukocyte antigen antibodies identification may not be reliable until several weeks after transplantation, the recipient's immunological status would be uncertain. Hence, there could be an increased immunological risk. To date, there is no information on whether a rapid re-transplantation after early graft loss, without a new reliable anti-HLA determination, is safe.
A case of severe lactic acidosis in a maintenance haemodialysis patient caused by thiamine deficiency: A case report
Lirong Lin,Jurong Yang,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13877
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 748-749
Blue-green urine
Yu-Ting Li,Wai-Ling Chu,Pui-Chi Hui,Terence Yip,Sing-Leung Lui,
doi : 10.1111/nep.13887
Volume 26, Issue 9 p. 749-750
