Robert S. Shapiro MD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15673
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1047-1052
The COVID-19 virus-induced pandemic has been the deadliest pandemic to have occurred in two generations, besides HIV/AIDS. Epidemiologists predicted that the SARS-Cov 2 pandemic would not be able to be brought under control until a majority of the world’s population had been inoculated with safe and effective vaccines. A world-wide effort to expedite vaccine development was successful. Previous research for vaccines to prevent SARS and MERS, also coronaviruses, was vital to this success. Nanotechnology was essential to this vaccine development. Key elements are presented here to better understand the relationship between nanomedicine and the COVID-19 vaccine development.
Myrela O. Machado MD, PhD,Na-Young Cindy Kang,Felicia Tai,Raman D. S. Sambhi,Michael Berk MD, PhD,Andre F. Carvalho,Lourdes P. Chada MD, MMSc,Joseph F. Merola MD, MMSc,Vincent Piguet MD, PhD,Afsaneh Alavi MD, MSc,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15341
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1053-1069
There is a lack of validated tools to measure fatigue in patients with inflammatory skin, neuropsychiatric, and medical disorders. The use of nonvalidated tools may compromise the quality of data. The purpose of this meta-review was to evaluate existing fatigue scales commonly used to assess fatigue in other inflammatory conditions and to identify if there are scales that have been validated in dermatologic conditions. The PubMed/MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases were systematically searched from inception through March 10, 2020, in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Validated tools were identified and assessed according to their main measurement properties. The literature search identified 403 references, and eight studies were eligible and assessed in this review. The unidimensional fatigue scales included were the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue (FACIT-F), Brief Fatigue Inventory, Fatigue Severity Scale, Numerical Rating Scale – Fatigue, and Visual Analog Scale – Fatigue. The multidimensional fatigue scales found were the Checklist Individual Strength, Chalder Fatigue Scale, Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory Scale, and Piper Fatigue Scale. To measure fatigue, a brief scale with the ability to detect change is needed as there is a growing interest in evaluating this dimension of treatment response. In addition, a good content validity is also needed. From this systematic review, none of the selected scales have had content validation, even though the FACIT was validated in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Validation studies in specific disorders are urgently warranted.
Lauren Fravor DO,Amor Khachemoune MD, FAAD, FACMS,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15273
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1070-1075
Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) is a plant, native to North America, containing bioactive compounds that interrupt biological processes. It has been around for centuries and is known for its medicinal properties. Today, naturopathic remedies are becoming more and more popular, especially for skin ailments. There are an alarming number of online vendors marketing their bloodroot-containing products as cures for skin cancer without any scientific evidence supporting such claims. Clinical data concerning the efficacy of bloodroot primarily come from case studies with unfavorable outcomes involving patients who self-treated with bloodroot-containing black salves. However, recent preclinical studies have concluded that sanguinarine, the active component of bloodroot, shows positive evidence of being an efficacious treatment for skin cancers at micromolar doses. This article reviews the mechanism of action of bloodroot as a skin cancer treatment, its misuse in clinical dermatology, and the FDA’s stance on products containing bloodroot that are marketed and sold to laypersons. Members of the public should be made aware of the dangers of self-treating with bloodroot-containing products through effective communication and education by clinicians.
Andrea Bernales Salinas MD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15415
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1076-1081
Acne vulgaris is a worldwide condition that has a complex pathophysiology. The knowledge of this pathology is clear in its four classic principles based on the pilosebaceous unit; there exists hyperkeratinization of its duct, increase of sebum production, anaerobic bacterias, and inflammatory response. However, new findings have explained the relationship that occurs inside the acne lesion. The immune system has a key role since it is stimulated by the other participants involved, such as phylotypes of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), sebaceous glands (SGs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and other immune system pathways.
Olufunmilayo A. Olusegun BSc (Hons), MSc, PhD,Bice S. Martincigh BSc (Hons), PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15502
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1082-1091
This review article seeks to provide an overview of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) as a significant environmental and occupational skin disease, the phases of ACD, its causes from the occupational and environmental perspectives, its detection, the effects of ACD with respect to the social, psychological, occupational, and financial perspectives, and its cure and/or prevention. Human skin is very sensitive and as the largest organ in the body, it is highly prone to direct and indirect contact with the substances from its environment. The skin reacts to these substances (xenobiotics) differently depending on the individual’s tolerance level or threshold. Allergic contact dermatitis is a significant environmental and occupational skin disease that should not be ignored in our society because it can affect the quality of life of an affected individual. There are multiple causes of ACD, and these causes of ACD have been discussed from two perspectives: environmental and occupational. The effects of ACD can be psychological, social, financial, and occupational. There is need for more public enlightenment on the effects of ACD as well as a precise understanding that it is not a contagious disease so as to significantly reduce the psychological and social effects of ACD on these patients.
Bharath Balu PhD, MD,Katherine K. Hallock MD,Klaus F. Helm MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15527
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1092-1093
Ahmed Ahmed Touni MSc,Sherif Shoukry Awad MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15392
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1094-1096
Magdalena ?ychowska MD, PhD,Zdzislaw Wo?niak MD, PhD,Wojciech Baran MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15437
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1097-1101
Lichen planus (LP) is considered to be an immune-mediated disease of a not fully understood etiology. There are scarce data on the immune cells forming the band-like infiltration in cutaneous LP (CLP). The objective of the current study was to investigate the immunohistochemical pattern of cells forming the infiltrate in CLP by assessing the immunoexpression of selected cell lineage markers.
Carlos D. Sánchez-Cárdenas MD,Diana Vega-Sánchez MD,Sarah B. Vargas-Santana MD,José Flores-Rivera MD,Roberto Arenas MD,Teresa Corona MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15580
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1102-1108
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease related to HLA-DR8. Susceptibility to onychomycosis has been found in Mexican mestizos with HLA-DR8. The frequency of onychomycosis in this neurological disease is unknown.
Rotem Yedidia Moser B.Med.Sc.,Shalom Ben-Shimol MD,Orli Sagi PhD,Amir Horev MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15582
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1109-1113
We compared demographic, clinical, treatment, and outcome characteristics of facial cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and non-facial CL.
Nour Kibbi MD,David Wang MD,Wei-Lien Wang MD,Anjela Galan MD,David J. Leffell MD,Sean R. Christensen MD, PhD,Gauri Panse MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15497
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1114-1119
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare cutaneous sarcoma, which has been reported in pregnancy. This case series reports the clinical and histopathological findings of DFSP in pregnancy.
Lucia Brambilla MD,Carlo Alberto Maronese MD,Paolo Bortoluzzi MD,Francesco Barberi MD,Athanasia Tourlaki MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15557
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1120-1125
Mucosal involvement in HIV-negative Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is uncommon but has potentially serious repercussions on patient care. Evidence regarding its epidemiology and optimal management is limited. Invasive endoscopic staging at diagnosis and periodically during follow-up is currently recommended by major guidelines.
Juliana T. Santin MD, MSc,Luiza M. Mariath PhD,Adriana M. Rossato PhD,Lavínia Schuler-Faccini MD, PhD,Ana E. Kiszewski MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15634
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1126-1130
Infection is an important complication of epidermolysis bullosa (EB), and Staphylococcus aureus has been pointed out as the most common pathogen among this population. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of S. aureus colonizing EB patients in Brazil.
Brett C. Neill MD,Erin Roberts MD,Stanislav N. Tolkachjov MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15558
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1131-1134
Moderate to large dorsal hand defects pose reconstructive challenges owing to the small surface area, immobile adjacent finger tissue, and thin, fragile skin.
Vivien Wai Yun Lai MBBS, BMedSc,Laita Bokhari MPhil Med,Rodney Sinclair MBBS, MD, FACD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15657
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1135-1139
Tofacitinib is a JAK1/3 inhibitor used off-label to treat alopecia areata (AA). Oral tofacitinib undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism and has numerous drug interactions and a half-life of 3 hours necessitating twice daily dosing. Sublingual delivery bypasses hepatic first-pass metabolism, which may provide pharmacokinetic benefits and reduce gastrointestinal side effects. We investigate sublingual tofacitinib as a novel form of administration in a cohort of treatment-resistant patients. The objective of this work is to assess the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of sublingual tofacitinib in moderate-to-severe AA patients. An open-label, roll-over pilot clinical trial was conducted. Participants were recruited from a preceding trial. All responders (?50% reduction in Severity of Alopecia Tool [SALT] score, SALT50) in the preceding trial continued on the same treatment (cyclosporine/placebo), whereas nonresponders rolled over to receive open-label sublingual tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily for 12 weeks. Treatment response as reduction in SALT score after 12 weeks (low: 15–29%, medium: 30–49%, good: 50–75%, and high grade: 75–100%) was measured. Pharmacokinetics was analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Eighteen participants completed the trial. Total treatment response to tofacitinib was 37.5%. SALT50 was achieved in 12.5%. The mean improvement in SALT score was 15.57%. Mean maximum plasma concentration was 43.18 ng/ml occurring after 1 hour. Elimination half-life is estimated to be up to 11 hours. An estimated half-life of up to 11 hours may be achieved with sublingual tofacitinib, which is significantly longer than the oral form and may facilitate daily dosing. Larger clinical trials are required to further characterize its pharmacokinetics and efficacy.
Tugba Ozkok Akbulut MD,Filiz Topaloglu Demir MD,Ilteris Oguz Topal MD,Asude Kara Polat MD,Ayse Serap Karadag MD,Melek Aslan Kayiran MD,Ezgi Ozkur MD,Ilknur K?vanc Altunay MD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15628
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1140-1147
Drug survival is useful to evaluate long-term drug performance in daily practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug survival for methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy in patients with plaque-type psoriasis.
Krassimira Nanova MD,Abraham Zlotogorski MD,Yuval Ramot MD, MSc,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15660
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1148-1149
Lina Abdullah BS,Divina Hasbani MD,Mazen Kurban MD,Ossama Abbas MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15700
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1150-1151
Selami Aykut Temiz MD,Ayman Abdelmaksoud MSc,Recep Dursun MD,Michelangelo Vestita MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15619
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1152-1153
Natasha Mathur BS,Robert F. Duffy MD,Brandyn Chinn DO,Miles M. McFarland MD,Brian P. Gable MD,Christina M. Clay MD,Warren R. Heymann MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15661
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1154-1155
Juan Torre-Castro MD,Cristina Moya-Martínez MD,Maria D. Mendoza-Cembranos PhD,Elena Macías-del-Toro MD,Jose L. Díaz-Recuero MD,Salma Machan MD,María Rodríguez-Pinilla PhD,Raul Córdoba PhD,Fernando Alfageme PhD,Gaston Roustan PhD,Laura Nájera-Botello PhD,Luis Requena PhD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15444
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1156-1158
Jumpei Tahara MD,Sachiko Ono MD, PhD,Takashi Nomura MD, PhD,Yo Kaku MD,Gyohei Egawa MD, PhD,Teruki Dainichi MD, PhD,Kentaro Izumi MD, PhD,Wataru Nishie MD, PhD,Tetsuya Honda MD, PhD,Kenji Kabashima MD, PhD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15458
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1159-1160
Rachel Printy PA-C,Ryan Rivera-Oyola MS4,Annette Czernik MD,Mark Lebwohl MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15478
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1161-1162
Jordane Barbé MD,Gabriela Escobar MD, MSc,Anne-Claire Bursztejn MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15452
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1163-1164
Maria de Fátima P. de Oliveira MD, MSc, PhD,Bruno de O. Rocha MD,Gleison V. Duarte MD, MSc, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15493
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1165-1167
Suparna Das MBBS,Suvarna Samudrala MD,Ram Chander MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15476
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1168-1169
Takako Miura MD,Toshiyuki Yamamoto MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15447
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1170-1171
Patricia Pérez-Feal MD,Gabriela Pita da Veiga MD,Dolores Sánchez-Aguilar MD,Carlos Aliste MD,Hugo Vázquez-Veiga MD,Igor Vázquez-Osorio MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15440
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1172-1173
Madison Hill BS,Jean-Phillip Okhovat MD, MPH,Marcia Driscoll MD, PharmD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15514
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. 1174-1175
Ida M. Heerfordt MD, PhD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15659
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e334-e335
Roopali Kulkarni DMD, MPH,Thomas P. Sollecito DMD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15779
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e335-e336
Sanja Javor MD,Simona Sola MD,Stefano Chiodi MD,Alexandra Maria Giovanna Brunasso MD,Cesare Massone MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15624
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e336-e337
Ayman Abdelmaksoud MSc,Mohamad Goldust MD,Michelangelo Vestita MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15617
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e337-e338
Jake C. Robertson BS,Michael Woodfin BS,Lauren Bonomo MD,Shu Feng MD,Michi M. Shinohara MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15572
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e338-e340
Tanvi Dev MD,Prashant Bharti MD,Utpal Patel MBBS,Neetu Bhari MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15430
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e340-e342
Yotaro Nishikawa MD,Shiho Kanemaru MD,Aina Mori MD,Manami Nagano MD,Kosuke Mochida MD,Masahiro Amano MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15446
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e342-e344
Kelsey B. Nusbaum BS,Benjamin H. Kaffenberger MD,Michela M. Paradiso BS,Jennifer A. Sopkovich MD,Hala Daou BS,Lucia Seminario-Vidal MD, PhD,John C. Trinidad MD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15471
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e344-e346
Maria Clara Cavalcante Espósito,Ana Cláudia Cavalcante Espósito MD, MSc, PhD,Marilia Formentini Scotton Jorge MD, PhD,Maria Paula Barbieri D'Elia MSc,Hélio Amante Miot PhD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15490
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e346-e347
Gabriele Biondi MD,Rosanna Satta MD,Amelia Lissia MD,Antonella M. Fara MD,Maria A. Montesu MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15534
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e347-e349
Ana I. Lorente-Lavirgen MD,Fernando Garcia-Souto MD,Victor Valero-Amaro MD,Jose Bernabéu-Wittel PhD,Rafael Lorente-Moreno MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15481
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e349-e352
Vishalakshi Viswanath MD, DVL, DNB, DDV,Dakshata Tare MD, DVL,Priyanka C. Patil MD, DNB,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15528
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e352-e354
Min Xu MD, PhD,Yao Chen MD,Jinglin Xiong MD,Ruzeng Xue MD,Jiawen Yin MD,Wenlin Yang MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15525
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e354-e356
Priscila N. Lacerda MD,Luana M. Campos MD,Mariana R. de Ré MD,Hélio A. Miot MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15535
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e356-e358
Mit M. Patel BS,Melissa A. Nickles BA,Rajesh Racharla,Vishnutheertha Kulkarni MS,Peter A. Lio MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15435
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e358-e359
Giovanni Paolino MD, PhD,Silvia Sartorelli MD,Nathalie Rizzo MD,Alessandro Tomelleri MD,Corrado Campochiaro MD,Riccardo Pampena MD,Lorenzo Dagna MD,Santo R. Mercuri MD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15531
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e359-e361
Oriane Letertre MD,Veronica Anii MD,Marie-Laure Jullie MD,Brigitte Milpied MD,Julien Seneschal MD, PhD,Anne-Sophie Darrigade MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15526
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e361-e362
Daniel J. Lewis MD,Alain H. Rook MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15436
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e362-e364
Rafael O. Amorim MD,Milvia M. S. S. Enokihara MD, PhD,Marilia M. Ogawa MD, PhD,Mariana D. Batista MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15507
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e364-e365
Sandesh Shah MD,Rashi Pangti MD,Lavina Rajput MTech,Jyoti Mathur PhD,Vikas Chouhan BE,Sharad Kumar BE, MS,Dhwani Dholakia MTech,Vishal Gupta MD,Vinod K. Sharma MD,Somesh Gupta MD
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15488
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e365-e366
Steven Madsen MD,Katalin Ferenczi MD,Jun Lu MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15491
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e367-e368
Stefano Caccavale MD,Paola Vitiello MD,Andrea Ronchi MD,Pasquale Verolino MD,Gorizio Pieretti MD,Giuseppe Argenziano MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15511
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e368-e370
Misaki Kusano MD,Miyuki Yamamoto MD,Toshiyuki Yamamoto MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15505
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e370-e372
Carmen Couselo-Rodríguez MD,Hae Jin Suh-Oh PhD,Carlos Álvarez-Álvarez MD,Ángeles Flórez PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15510
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e372-e373
Danielle Perna BS,Ashlee Margheim MD,Courtney R. Schadt MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15483
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e373-e375
Francesco Borgia MD, PhD,Alessio Campitiello MD,Luca Di Bartolomeo MD,Roberta Cardia MD,Ilenia Marafioti MD,Serafinella P. Cannavò MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15530
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e375-e376
Kevin R. Brough MD,Jordan A. Dykstra BS,Nneka I. Comfere MD,Mark D. P. Davis MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15521
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e376-e377
Carmen Couselo-Rodríguez MD,Patricia Pérez-Feal MD,Camilo E. Alarcón-Pérez MD,Laia Bou-Boluda MD,Eulalia Baselga PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15569
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e377-e379
Krati Mehrotra MD,Niti Khunger MD, DDV, DNB,Shruti Sharma DNB,Ishika Muradia MBBS,Payal Chakravarty MBBS, DVD,Sushruta Kathuria MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15593
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e379-e381
Aurora Alessandrini MD,Bianca M. Piraccini MD, PhD,Giulia Veronesi MD,Tiziano Ferrari MD,Emi Dika MD, PhD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15590
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e381-e381
Yu Wang BA,Joseph Jorizzo MD,
doi : 10.1111/ijd.15524
Volume 60, Issue 9 p. e382-e382
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